bio: nutrients, digestive sytem drugs etc. 7 dec 2022

Question 1

addiction

Answer 1

a need to keep taking a drug to feel normal

Question 2

alcoholic

Answer 2

a person who is addicted to alcohol

Question 3

anus

Answer 3

muscular ring through which faeces pass out of the body

Question 4

balanced diet

Answer 4

eating food containing the right nutrients in correct amounts

Question 5

bile

Answer 5

substance that beaks down fat into small droplets

Question 6

carbohydrase

Answer 6

enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into sugar molecules (example- amylase)

Question 7

carbohydrate

Answer 7

nutrient that provides energy

Question 8

catalyst

Answer 8

substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up

Question 9

deficiency

Answer 9

a lack of minerals that causes poor growth

Question 10

depressant

Answer 10

a drug that slows down the body’s reaction by slowing down the nervous system (e.g alcohol, cannabis, heroin

Question 11

digestion

Answer 11

process where large molecules are broken down into small molecules

Question 12

digestive system

Answer 12

group of organs that work together to break down food

Question 13

drug

Answer 13

chemical substance that affects the way your body works

Question 14

enzyme

Answer 14

special protein that can speed up the process of digestion

Question 15

ethanol

Answer 15

the drug found in alcoholic drinks

Question 16

fibre

Answer 16

provides bulk to food to keep it moving through the digestive system

Question 17

food test

Answer 17

chemical test to detect the presence of particular nutrients in food

Question 18

gullet

Answer 18

muscular tube where food travels down into the stomach. The gullet contracts as it moves food into the stomach. this is called perystalsis.

Question 19

hypothesis

Answer 19

an idea that is a way of explaining scientist’s observations.

Question 20

large intestine

Answer 20

organ where water passes back into the body, leaving a solid waste of undigested food called faeces.

Question 21

lipase

Answer 21

enzyme that breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 22

lipids

Answer 22

nutrients that provide a store of energy and insulate the body

Question 23

malnourishment

Answer 23

eating the wrong amount or the wrong types of food

Question 24

medicinal drugs

Answer 24

drug that has medical benefits to the health

Question 25

mineral

Answer 25

type of nutrient

Question 26

nutrient

Answer 26

essential substance that your body needs to survive provided by food

Question 27

obese

Answer 27

extremely overwight

Question 28

passive smoking

Answer 28

breathing in smoke from another person's cigarette

Question 29

protease

Answer 29

enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 30

protein

Answer 30

nutrient beneficial for growth and repair

Question 31

recreational drug

Answer 31

drug that is taken for enjoyment

Question 32

rectum

Answer 32

organ where faeces is stored before being passed out of the body

Question 33

small intestine

Answer 33

organ where small digested molecules are passed into the bloodstream

Question 34

starvation

Answer 34

extreme case of not eating enough food

Question 35

stimulant

Answer 35

type of drug that speeds up the body's reaction time by speeding up the nervous system (e.g caffeine cocaine ecstacy)

Question 36

stomach

Answer 36

organ where food is churned with digestive juices and acids

Question 37

unit of alcohol

Answer 37

10ml of pure alcohol

Question 38

vili

Answer 38

tiny projections in the small intestine wall that increase the area of absorption

Question 39

vitamin

Answer 39

essential nutrients needed in small amounts to keep you healthy

Question 40

withdrawal symptom

Answer 40

unpleasant symptom a drug addict suffers from when they stop taking the drug.

Question 41

water

Answer 41

needed in all cells and body fluids

Question 42

testing for lipids

Answer 42

ethanol testing: if cloudy, lipid is present

Question 43

testing for protein

Answer 43

Biuret solution testing: if purple protein is present

Question 44

testing for sugar

Answer 44

Benedict solution: if solution is orange after boiling, sugar is present

Question 45

testing for starch

Answer 45

iodine testing: if solution turns blue/black starch is present

Question 46

the acid that the stomach contains is called

Answer 46

hydrochloric acid which kills any bacteria

Question 47

how is small intestine adapted to its function?

Answer 47

-capillaries increase blood flow to carry away the food molecules. -contains vili which enlarge area of absorption -walls are thin for nutrients to diffuse

Question 48

alcohol effects

Answer 48

damages liver

Question 49

smoking effects

Answer 49

lung and heart disease

Question 50

alcohol contains

Answer 50

ethanol which is absorbed into blood stream. it then travels to the brain and affects nervous system

Question 51

chronic alcohol consumption

Answer 51

heart disease, liver damage, stomach ulcers

Question 52

energy of food (J)

Answer 52

volume of waterx4.2xchange in temp

Question 53

cigarettes consist of

Answer 53

tar, nicotine, tobacco

Question 54

smoking effects

Answer 54

circulatory and respiratory conditions