bio molecules Flashcards
have 5-C sugar
N containing base
1+ phosphate groups
Major role in living org to pass genetic info
2 of these are found in DNA
1 of these are found in RNA
nucleotides
DNA/RNA ex of
nucleic acids
consist of sugars and polymers of sugars (starches) which make up cell wall
made up of one (monosaccharide-used during cellular respiration) or many (polysaccharide)
Carbohydrates
essential for almost all functions
made up of amino acids
Proteins
sequence in amino acids similar to letters in a long word
primary protein struct
comprises folds and coils that are formed by H bonding btwn slightly charged atoms of the polypeptide backbone
secondary protein struct
overall shape of the molecule that results from the interaction btwn the side chains that are linked to the polypeptide backbone
tertiary protein struct
overall protein struct when a protein is made up of 2+ polypeptide chains
quaternary protein struct
hydrophobic
made up of large chains of C and H atoms
3 types: fats, phospholipids, and steroids
Lipids
made up of 3 fatty acids and one glycerol molecule
fats
no double bonds btwn carbons and fatty acid chain
solid at room temp
saturated fats
one or more double bonds btwn C and fatty acid chain
aka oils-liquid at room temp
unsaturated fats
made up 2 fatty acid molecules linked to 1 glycerol
create double layered struct when mixed with H2O (bilayer)
Shield hydrophobic regions from H2O molecules
phospolipids
lipids that consist of 4 fused C rings
can mix btwn phospholipid bilayer cell membrane and help maint its struct/aid in cell signaling
steroids
accel rate if chem rxns biologically-lower activation energy (most of the time are proteins but some are RNA)
Enzyme
