Bio midterm 2 Flashcards
The cellular organelle that consist of a network of members used to transport substances through a cell: endoplasmic recticulum or exoskeleton
Endoplasmic reticulum
A non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose function include store in starches, lipids, and proteins: hereditary or leucoplast
leucoplast
An organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain cell shape through turgor pressure: central vacuole or catalyst
Central vacuole
A thick fluid inside cells that contains the organelles: diploid or cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
The cellular organelle that directs the protein building process: ribosome or receptacle
Ribosome
A rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria around the cell membrane: cell cycle or cell wall
Cell wall
The two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane: lipid bilayer or long capacity
Lipid bilayer
The genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated proteins: chromatin or divergence
Chromatin
Describes a solution who’s solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell: hypotonic or inhibitor
Hypotonic
Describes a solution who’s solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell: hypertonic or homeotic
Hypertonic
Describes a solution who’s salute concentration is equal to the salute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell: Isotonic or iris
Isotonic
The movement of substances across the cell membrane without the need for energy: organ transport or passive transport
Passive transport
The movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires energy: animalism or active transport
Active transport
The sum of all the life-sustaining chemical processes within an organisms cells: newtons or metabolism
Metabolism
The phase of metabolism that builds molecules in stores energy: abdomen or anabolism
anabolism
The phase of metabolism that breaks down molecules and releases energy: catabolism for cellular respiration
catabolism
the structure formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA: double helix or triple chain
Double helix
The process by which a strand of DNA is copied to produce an identical strand: replication or plasmid
Replication
The process by which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA: transcription or thermophile
Transcription
The process in which a ribosome build a protein: translation or thorax
Translation
A segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes: hemoglobin or intons
Intons
A segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence: exons or lymph
Exons
A set of three bases in an RNA strand that together code for specific amino acid: codon or diaphragm
Codon
The set of three bases on a molecule of tRNA that correspond to a complementary codon on an mRNA molecule: anti-codon or anaphylaxis
Anti-codon
a covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive amino acid monomers along a peptide or protein chain: peptide bond or plasma
Peptide bond
How plants, algae, and some bacteria form simple sugars from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light in chlorophyll: polyp or photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
The green pigment of plants cells that is necessary for photosynthesis: chlorophyll or cytokinesis
Chlorophyll
True or false: light dependent phase is the portion of photosynthesis that requires light energy
True
True or false the light independent phase does not require light energy
True
The process by which a cell breaks down glucose or other nutrients to produce usable energy: cellular respiration or catalyst
Cellular respiration
The first phase of cellular respiration, and which glucose is broken down into pyruvate: esophagus or glycolysis
Glycolysis
The second phase of aerobic cellular respiration where pyruvate reacts with enzymes to produce carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, ATP, and electrons: citric acid cycle
Citric acid cycle
A series of compounds that transfer electrons from one electron donor to an electron acceptor: Tron or electron transport chain
Electron transport chain
The anaerobic breakdown of sugars to pyruvate and then to lactic acid or carbon dioxide and alcohol: eukaryotic or fermentation
Fermentation
I structure consisting of DNA and supporting proteins, usually found in the cells nucleus: dermis or chromosome
Chromosome
A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein resulting in a particular trait: Gene or embryo
Gene
any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome: autosome or cellulose
Autosome
Referring to one of a pair of chromosomes that carry the same gene in the same order on each chromosome: implantation or Homologous
Homologous
Having only a single set of chromosomes: limp or haploid
Haploid
Having to complete sets of chromosomes: diploid or chitin
Diploid
The period of the cell cycle in between cell divisions, the time of regular growth an activity: incubate or interphase
Interphase
The phase of the cell cycle in which a cells do pleated DNA is divided into two identical sets: mitosis or mutation
Mitosis
The process by which haploid gametes are produced from diploid cells: medusa or meiosis
Meiosis
A trait coded for by a gene located on a sex chromosome: sex linked trait or transgenic organisms
Sex linked trait
The science of classifying organisms: taxonomy or translation
Taxonomy
A domain containing certain kinds of prokaryotic organisms: bile or Archaea
Archaea
A large domain of prokaryotic organisms: bacteria or biome
Bacteria
cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane bound organelles: exoskeleton or eukaryotic
Eukaryotic
Attack so gnomic division within a genus, consisting of a single type of organism: thymus or species
Species
A two-part name, consisting of a genus name and a species name: spiracle or scientific name
Scientific name
A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms: phylogenetic tree or a magic tree
Phylogenetic tree
True or false: gram staining is staining used to distinguish and classify bacterial species into two large groups
True
The command given by God to Adam and eve to fill the earth and have dominion over it
Creation mandate
A simple testable statement that predicts an answer to a question: Hypothesis or Rubiks cube
Hypothesis
A covalently bonded compound containing the element carbon: organic compound or osmosis
Organic compound
Nonpolar organic compounds that are insoluble in water. Used for energy storage: hair cell or lipid
Lipid
The variation in the rate of survival and reproduction among species: nasal cavity or natural selection
Natural selection
The study of creation science: Baraminology or cerebellum
Baraminology
