Bio Lecture Exam 3

Question 1

Why is ATP so important to metabolism?

Answer 1

It proivdes energy coupling between exergonic and energonic reactions

Question 2

What are the products of 1- turn of the citric acid cycle

Answer 2

1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2

Question 3

What is the final product in glycolysis

Answer 3

Pyruvate

Glycolysis= 1 glucose coverts (6 carbons) to 2 Pyruvates (3carbons)

Did= Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
By =1.3 bisphosphoglycerate
Prepare= pep
Pie = Pyruvate

Question 4

What is the main driving force of generating ATP during chemiosmosis?

Answer 4

The electron transport chain; forms a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 5

Role of adipose in animals?

Answer 5

Used to store fat in animals

Question 6

What step does carbon fixation occur in photosynthesis ?

Answer 6

light reaction phase of the Calvin cycle
Occurs in the light independent reaction

Question 7

What stage does pryuvate oxidation occur in eukaryotes

Answer 7

In the mitochondria

Question 8

End product of glycolysis?

Answer 8

The answer is Pyruvate

Question 9

What is oxidation and a few examples

Answer 9

Loss of an electron by a atom or molecule(in other words gained or loss of hydrogen)

Basically to come into contact with oxygen
After running go get a sip a water that process of getting hydrated is oxidation

Oxidation are rust and the brown color on a cut apple.

Question 10

Reduction

Answer 10

The gain of an electron by an atom often with an associated proton

Question 11

Endergonic vs Extergonic

Answer 11

Extergonic energy is being released into surroundings
“Thing of the word exit”

Endergonic =

Question 12

Oxaloacetate

Question 13

What is the definition of Pyruvate or its function

Answer 13

Fuels the citric acid cycle and boosts oxidative phosphorylation
Red Bull is an example

Question 14

What is NAD+ and a function

Answer 14

Carry electrons and break chemical bonds and release energy
This is used in cellular respiration

Question 15

What is NADPH and its function

Answer 15

A coenzyme that carries energy plays a role in generating energy

The stromal side of the thylakoid membrane

This is used in photosynthesis

Question 16

Chloroplast vs Mitochondria

Answer 16

Chloroplast store solar energy in the chemical bonds of glucose

Mitochondria converts sugar into chemical energy which is ATP

Question 17

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 17

Energy that cannot be created or destroyed

Question 18

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 18

The heat lost during energy conversion that is released during the universe

Question 19

What are autotrophs and the example

Answer 19

Able to produce their own organic molecules through photosynthesis

Example is plants plants are able to make their own food through energy from the sun
Think about the word automatically

Question 20

What is the difference heterotrophs

Answer 20

Heterotrophs live on organic compounds produce by their organisms

Example i like fish i don’t get energy or food from the sun
Hetero= different

Question 21

Oligotrophs

Answer 21

Organisms that can live in environments with very low nutrients

Question 22

What are Chemotrophs

Answer 22

Any organisms that obtains energy from chemicals
An example would be animals and fungi

Question 23

What is a calorie

Answer 23

A measurement of the energy content of food

Question 24

What is a Allsteric inhibitors

Answer 24

Binds allosteric site and reduces enzyme activity

Question 25

What are Competitive inhibitor

Answer 25

Competes with substrate for active site

Question 26

What are non competitive inhibitor

Answer 26

Binds to the enzymes at a site other than active site

Question 27

What is SO*4

Answer 27

Sulfur or sulfate ion

Question 28

What are cofactors

Answer 28

A substance that has to be present to ensure that an enzyme-catalysed reaction takes place at the appropriate rate Examples are metal and zinc

Question 29

What are Coenzymes

Answer 29

Coenzymes are organic molecules and quite often bind loosely to the active site of an enzyme and aid in substrate recruitment, whereas cofactors do not bind the enzyme.

Question 30

What is potential energy

Answer 30

Energy that is stored
And example would be the little girl waiting to go down the slide
My example is stand still excitement

Question 31

Kinectic energy

Answer 31

Energy in motion

Example the girl officially sliding down the slide

Question 32

What is Activation energy

Answer 32

The minimum amount of energy needed to make things chemical reactions run

Question 33

What is the difference be tween aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

Answer 33

Oxygen or air that is absent is anaerobic respiration
Oxygen or air that is present is aerobic respiration

Question 34

Anabolism

Answer 34

Synthesis larger molecules to shorter ones

Anabolism is the process that builds up molecules

Question 35

Catabolism

Answer 35

The breakdown of complex organic molecules into simpilar ones

Think of cat they tear catabolism is the process that tear down biomolecules

Question 36

Metabolism

Answer 36

Total of all chemical reactions carried out by an organism

Question 37

Energy

Answer 37

The ability to do work

Question 38

Ribozymes

Answer 38

Enzymes that come from RNA

Question 39

Chemiosmosis

Answer 39

ATP synthesis using free energy obtained when electrons are passed to several carriers

Question 40

Deamination

Answer 40

The removal of an amino group

Question 41

Acetaldehyde

Answer 41

The produce chemicals such as acetic acid
C2H4O

Question 42

Decarboxylation

Answer 42

The removal of carbon dioxoide from organic acids

Question 43

What is the difference between photosynthesis 1 and 2

Answer 43

Photosynthesis 1 absorbs light of longer wavelengths P700
Photosynthesis 2 absorbs light of shorter wavelengths P680

Question 44

CAM

Answer 44

Water storing plants such as cacti and pineapples

Question 45

C3

Answer 45

Plants that fix carbon using only C3 photosynthesis (the Calvin cycle).