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Biology124 lab exam > Bio Lab Exam #2 > Flashcards

Bio Lab Exam #2 Flashcards

1
Q

The habitat for chytrids is

A

Aquatic

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2
Q

What three characteristics distinguish chytrids from other fungi d

A

Flagellated zoospores, cannot form true mycelium, have a aseptate hyphae

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3
Q

How are zygometous fungi similar to chytrids

A

They aseptate hyphae

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4
Q

Describe sexual reproduction in zygomecetes

A

Zygosporangium formed by plasmogamy of two types of stains (+ -) they act like gametophytes

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5
Q

What is a common example of zygomycetes

A

Bread mold

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6
Q

What do phylum glomermycota form with vascular plants

A

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

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7
Q

Describe the relationship between glomerulomycetous

A

Plants provide fungus with carbs and then fungi acts as roots for the plant giving it water and nutrients

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8
Q

Sac and club fungi hyphae are divided by what

A

Septa

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9
Q

Describe the fruiting body of the ascomycetous

A

Sexually produced spores are called ascospores, they are produced in the sporangium called the ascus. Asci aggregate along the inner surface, 8 ascus will form

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10
Q

List 3 features of yeasts

A

Unicellular, lack ascocarp, reproduce by budding

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11
Q

Describe the composition of lichen

A

Made from green algae or Cyanobacteria and a fungus

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12
Q

What is the bushy growth of lichen

A

Fruticose

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13
Q

What is the leafy growth of lichen

A

Foliose

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14
Q

What is the encrusting growth of lichen

A

Crustose

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15
Q

What are the 4 clauses within non flowering plants

A

Conifers, Gingko, Cycans, gnetophytes

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16
Q

What do dioecious and monoecious mean

A

Dioecious - male and female plants

Monoecious- one plant has both reproductive tissue

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17
Q

What is the growth form, leaf type, reproductive structure of gingko

A

Gymnosperm
Male- pollen cone
Female- no strobili, have two ovules at branch stalk

Leaves are megaphylls

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18
Q

Cycads growth form, leaf type, and reproductive structure

A

Gymnosperm
Leaves- megaphyll
Male- cone strobilus
Female-strobili

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19
Q

How is pollen dispersed

A

Wind

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20
Q

Flowers consist of modified

A

Leaves

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21
Q

Mono or flowers are arranged in multiples of what

A

Multiples of 3

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22
Q

Eudicots arranged arrange in multiples of what

A

4-5

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23
Q

Fruits are mature

A

Ovaries

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24
Q

Seeds are mature

A

Ovules

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25
Q

What is a simple fruit

A

From one ovary of one flower

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26
Q

What is an Aggregate

A

Forms from more then one ovary of one flower

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27
Q

What is a multiple fruit

A

Forms from many fruits

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28
Q

Phylum Bryophyta has three main groups, name them

A

Liverworts, hornwort, mosses

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29
Q

Is sporophyte vascular or non vascular

A

Vascular

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30
Q

Is gametophyte vascular or non vascular

A

Non vascular

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31
Q

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails homospory

A

All except club mosses

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32
Q

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails heterospory

A

Club mosses

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33
Q

Are clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails have megaphyll

A

Ferns, whisk fern, horse tail

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34
Q

Do clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse lack true leaves

A

All except mosses

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35
Q

Do clubs mosses, mosses, ferns, whisk ferns and horse tails have microphylls

A

Mosses and club mosses

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36
Q

What is 3 uses for sphagnum

A

Wound coverings
Feminine hygiene products
Diapers

37
Q

What are enations and that plants have them

A

Out growths on plants instead of leaves, found in whisk ferns

38
Q

What are elaters and what plant are they found in

A

They cause the spore to push apart and leave the sporangium

39
Q

What is an annelid

A

A segmented worm

40
Q

What is an arthropod

A

Means jointed legs

41
Q

Describe the digestive system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

A

Mouth at one end anus at the other,

Digestive system does not line up w/ segments

Has specialized regions

42
Q

Describe the nervous system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

A

Nerve Cord runs ventricular along the surface, have a ring of nerves around the mouth

43
Q

Describe the excretory system of an earth worm and does it like up with segments

A

There is a nephridia ( kidney like organ) in each segment

44
Q

What is the crop and gizzard

A

Crop-storage

Gizzard- grinds

45
Q

How does the locomotion of Annelids work

A

Contracting side muscles allow the other side to extend moving them forward or backward , chaetae anchor them into the ground.

46
Q

What is the feeding mechanism of earth worms

A

Muscular mouth ingests by sucking soil and vegetation, deposits indigestible materials as castings

47
Q

Describe the habitats of polychaetaes and body features

A

Marine worms that can burrow in sand, some are sessile ( non-mobile)

Have parapodia ( paddle like ) used and fills and for locomotion

48
Q

Describe a structure of polychaetes that distinguishes them from other Annelids

A

2 parapodia per segment

49
Q

Describe a structure of hirudineans that distinguishes them from other Annelids

A

Suction cups at either ends

50
Q

What are 2 characteristics of a skeletons of anthropoids

A

Made of chitin, restricts growth, provides protection, provides points for muscle attachment

51
Q

How Are Arthropods segmentation different from segments of Annelids

A

Segments sometimes fuse and appendages become specialized

52
Q

List 4 different arthropods appendage functions

A

Mouth parts, legs, antennae, swimming

53
Q

What are the first segments of appendages of chelicerates called and their functions

A

Cheliceraes

Used for grasping and piercing

54
Q

Do chelicerates have antennae

A

No

55
Q

How many pairs of walking legs do chelicerates have

A

4

56
Q

Myriapods include 2 main groups

A

Centipede and milipeds

57
Q

Phylum Hexapoda reflects what

A

number of appendages

58
Q

What region do wings extend from

A

Thorax, made from same proteins as cuticle

59
Q

What is a compound eye? And what organisms have then

A

Detects edges and shapes but cannot make a full image

Found in insects, crustaceans, and some centipedes

60
Q

What is complete metamorphism

A

Egg - to- larva(feeding stage) - to- pupa( dormant)- to- adult ( reproductive)

61
Q

Incomplete metamorphism

A

Nymphs resemble adults but are smaller, go through a series of molts until they reach full size

62
Q

Echinodermata means what

A

Spiny skin

63
Q

What are krill

A

Zooplankton

64
Q

What the skeletons of Echinodermata made from

A

Calcium carbonate

65
Q

What symmetry do Echinoderms have?

A

Penta radical multiples of 5

66
Q

Describe Echinoderm locomotion

A

Tube feet attach to solid objects and are able to bend and retract to allow movement

67
Q

What are pedicellariae

A

Jaw like spines that protect the surface form settling larva, and help to capture prey

68
Q

What is the aristotles lantern and what organism is it found in

A

Sea urchins, specialized for eating kelp

69
Q

In arachnids what is the second segments appendage? And what does it do?

A

Pedipalp - handles food

70
Q

List 2 advantages Platyhelminthes have due to being dorsal ventrally flattened

A

Provides a large surface for gas diffusion

Diffuse metabolic waste

71
Q

What is the head of the tape worm specialized for

A

Holding onto the intestine by hooks and suckers

72
Q

How do tapeworms acquire nutrients

A

Diffusion p

73
Q

What organism lives in aquatic sediments

A

Nematode

74
Q

What is an example of a nematode

A

Round worm

75
Q

Is a octopus a mollusc

A

Yes

76
Q

What is a Chiton

A

A flattened mollusc that has 7 or 8 overlapping plates

77
Q

What is a Gastropoda

A

Snails, slugs, abalone

78
Q

What are bivalves

A

Clams, oysters, scallops

79
Q

What are Cephalopoda

A

Octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautiluses

80
Q

What is the structure and function of a radula

A

Is like a tooth chitinous ribbon the is specialized and able to drill through bivalve shells

81
Q

What are the 4 classes of molluscs

A

Polyplacophoran
Cephalopod
Bivalve
Gastropoda

82
Q

What is a unique characteristic of polyplacophora (chiton)

A

8 dorsal plates

83
Q

What is a unique characteristic of gastropod (snail)

A

Anus and mantle are above its head

84
Q

What is a unique characteristic of bivalve (clam, oysters, mussels, scallops)

A

Divided into left and right sides

85
Q

What is a unique characteristic of Cephalopoda(squid, octopus, cuttlefish)

A

Well developed sensory organs/ complex

86
Q

Annelids are decided into 3 classes, what are they?

A

Oligochaeta (earthworms)
Polychaeta (polychaete)
Hirudinea (leeches)

87
Q

Arthropod has 4 main groups, what are they?

A

Cheliceriform- spider, horse shoe crab, scorpion, mite, tick
Modernly called arachnids

Myriapods- centipedes, millepedes

Hexapods - insects and relatives

Crustaceans - lobsters, prawns, crabs, shrimp

88
Q

What is clitellum

A

No segmented region of earth worms, produces a viscid sac/ cocoon for egg deposits

89
Q

What are the three fused body segments of arthropods

A

cephalothorax, abdomen, telson

Cephalothorax is a fused head+thorax

Telson is the last segment and it’s appendages

Biology124 lab exam (6 decks)

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