bio II exam 3 Flashcards
deuterostomes
What are the two major groups of deuterostomes?
Echinoderms and Chordates.
In deuterostome development, what does the blastopore become?
The anus.
What symmetry do adult echinoderms have?
Pentaradial symmetry.
What symmetry do echinoderm larvae have?
Bilateral symmetry.
What system do echinoderms use for locomotion and feeding?
The water vascular system.
Name some examples of echinoderms.
Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers.
Do echinoderms have a brain?
No, they have a nerve ring with radial nerves.
What are the four key characteristics of all chordates?
Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, post-anal tail.
Do all chordates have these traits as adults?
No, some are only present during embryonic development.
What are the two types of invertebrate chordates?
Cephalochordates(branchiostoma) and Urochordates(sea squirts).
Which invertebrate chordate is sessile as an adult?
Urochordates (tunicates).
What traits distinguish vertebrates from other chordates?
Vertebral column, cranium, endoskeleton, and complex organ systems.
What are jawless fishes called?
Agnatha (Hagfish and lampreys.)
What adaptation allowed vertebrates to bite and chew?
Jaws evolved from gill arches.
What are the two types of jawed fish?
Cartilaginous fish and bony fish.
Why do amphibians need water to reproduce?
They have external fertilization and aquatic larvae.
Examples of amphibians?
Frogs, toads, salamanders.
What adaptation allowed vertebrates to reproduce on land?
The amniotic egg.
Key traits of reptiles?
Scaly skin, ectothermy, shelled eggs.
What adaptations help birds fly?
Feathers, lightweight bones, high metabolism, air sacs.
What are defining features of mammals?
Hair, mammary glands, endothermy, most give live birth.
