Bio Final

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Holds things in cell in place so that chemistry of life can occur

Question 2

Plasma membrane

Answer 2

Bio membrane that separates internal contents of cell and external contents

Question 3

Biologicalmembrane

Answer 3

Phospholipid bilayer (amphipathic) contains proteins and most carbohydrates

Question 4

Fluid/ mosaic model

Answer 4

Plasma membrane that is a semi fluid phospholipid bilayer with a mosaic of proteins and carbohydrates attached

Question 5

Leaflet

Answer 5

Half of a phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

Transmembrane proteins

Answer 6

Span from one side of the membrane, through the hydrophobic interior to the other side of the bilayer

Question 7

Lipid

Answer 7

Anchors proteins, covalent attachment of a lipid to a amino acid side chain

Question 8

Peripheral membrane

Answer 8

Proteins that are non coralently bound to regions of integral membrane proteins

Question 9

Why are membranes semi fluid?

Answer 9

Exhibit properties of fluidity but only have two dimensions not three(move laterally)

Question 10

Are Lipid transfer spontaneous

Answer 10

Transfer of lipids from one leaflet to another not spontaneously, uses ATP

Question 11

Lipid rafts

Answer 11

Group of lipids that are strongly bonded together and move together

Question 12

Fluidity

Answer 12

Important can’t be too fluid or not fluid enough for membrane to function properly

Question 13

Lipid tails have no many carbons ?

Answer 13

14-24

Question 14

Double bonds In lipid tails

Answer 14

Creates kinks in lipid tails, reduced interaction between tails

Question 15

What did Larry Frye and michel editing verify?

Answer 15

The lateral movement of membrane proteins

Question 16

What did Watt Webb do?

Answer 16

Used bleach and laser beam to bleach a small religion to confirm lateral movement

Question 17

Simple diffusion

Answer 17

Hydrophobic interior is a barrier to movement of Ions and hydrophobic molecules
Size, Polarity, charge, concentration can effect this

Question 18

Osmosis

Answer 18

Movement of water across membrane in response to concentration gradient

Question 19

Hypertonic

Answer 19

Cells will lose water and shrink (crenation in animals) (plaamoysis in cell walls)

Question 20

Hypotonic

Answer 20

Cells will take up water (animal cells will lyse)

Question 21

Turgor pressure

Answer 21

Internal water pressure generated in plant cells as the cell membrane presses on the cell wall

Question 22

Contractile vacuoles

Answer 22

Animal cells cannot generate osmotic pressure to counter the flow of water in a hypertonic environment so these vacuoles help.

Question 23

Transport proteins

Answer 23

Provide pathway for the movement of specific ions and hydrophilic molecules across membranes
Channels, Transporters

Question 24

Channels

Answer 24

Pathway for the facilitated diffusion of ions or molecules across the membrane

Question 25

Discover of aquaphorin by Agre

Answer 25

CHIP28 functions as transport protein that aalllws facilitated diffusion

Question 26

Transporters

Answer 26

Membrane proteins that bind to solute and undergo a physical change to help it transport

Question 27

Uniporters
Symporters
Antiporters

Answer 27

Bind a single molecule or ion to transport across membrane
Bind 2 or more different types of ions or molecules to transport in the same direction
Bind two or more different types of ions or molecules to transport them in opposite directions

Question 28

Active Transport

Answer 28

Movement of a solute across a membrane against its gradient from regions with low to high concentrations

Question 29

Primary and secondary active transport

Answer 29

Uses energy to transport proteins, uses stored energy to transport proteins

Question 30

Exocytosis

Answer 30

Packages material inside cell into vesicles that will exit the cell

Question 31

Endocytosis

Answer 31

Folds membrane inwards to bring substances inside cell