Bio exam 1 info Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Activation energy

A

Energy to get started, even thermodynamic favored chemical reactions require Ea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Enzymes characteristics

A

Enzymes lower activation energy in almost all chemical reactions in cells, the enzyme is not altered by the reaction, the enzyme does not cause reaction to occur, but it does increase the rate of reaction, enzymes increase free energy (in transition state), enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for biological reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ribozymes

A

All enzymes are proteins, but there are catalytic RNA molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ligand

A

Molecule or ion that binds to another molecule (protein), this binding is very specific and can involve several weak bonds, causes protein to change shape, overall strong interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cofactors

A

Nonprotein molecules or inorganic ions, often metal ions, that some proteins require in order to function, includes coenzymes and ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Binding affinity:

A

Strength of interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

R group modification

A

Addition of a chemical group to an amino acid changes its interaction with nearby amino acids and the protein changes shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proteolysis

A

Some long proteins mush be shortened by breaking a peptide bond by hydrolysis and protein can be synthesized but not activated until appropriate time and location, it has an extra piece of itself- needs to me removed as it blocks the active site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Enzymes are slightly specific for their substrates (the reactants)

A

Substrate molecules bind to the “active site” of the enzyme
Enzymes have a 3D shape that determines the specificity(lock and key fit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How enzymes work

A

Two different substrates enter into the active site on the enzyme(this is the very specific fit for the substrates and enzyme, once it goes through enzyme-substrate complex, the enzyme releases one product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Endergonic reactions can be driven by

A

Coupling to Exergonic reactions
An Exergonic reaction will release energy at ATP hydrolysis, that released energy can be used in Endergonic reaction to form products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Enzyme-substrate complex (ES) forms

A

Held together by hydrogen bonds, electrical attraction, or covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Induced fit

A

Enzyme (e) may change when bound to the substrate but returns to its original form

E+S-ES-E+P
Enzyme original form and product released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly