Bio- crop production and management Flashcards
Define Crop. (1)
When plants of the same kind are
cultivated at one place on a large scale,
it is called a crop.
Write a short note on Kharif Crops. Give examples of it (2)
-crops which are sown in rainy season
-june to september
examples: Paddy, maize, soyabean, groundnut and
cotton are kharif crops.
Write a short note on Rabi crops. Give examples. (2)
-grown in winter season
-october to march
examples: wheat, gram, pea, mustard and linseed.
_________ and _____________ are grown during summer at many places. (1)
pulses, vegetables
What are Agricultural practices? List the 7 practices. (2)
Agricultural practices means the practice of farmers to produce crops for food or commerical purposes.
The 7 agricultural practices:
-preparation of soil
-sowing
-adding manure and fertilisers
-irrigation
-protecting from weeds
-harvesting
-storage
Explain Preparation of Soil and its importance. (3)
-the first step before growing a crop
-most important task is to turn and loosen the soil
-allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil
-loose soil allows the roots to breathe easily
-The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes present in the soil.
-friends of the farmer since they further turn and loosen the soil and add humus to it.
-only a few centimetres of the top layer of soil supports plant growth, turning and loosening of soil brings the nutrient-rich soil to the top so that plants can use these nutrients.
Thus, turning and loosening of soil is very
important for cultivation of crops.
Define ploughing. (1)
The process of loosening and turning of the soil is called tilling or ploughing.
Levelling the field is beneficial for __________ as well as for _____________. Levelling of soil is done with the help of a ____________. (2)
sowing, irrgation, leveller
Manure is added to the soil before sowing. State whether it is True or False. (1)
False. It is added to the soil before tilling.
Write a short note on Plough. (3)
-used for tilling the soil, adding fertilisers to the crop and removing the weeds.
-made of wood
-drawn by a pair of bulls or other animals (camels and horses)
-contains a strong triangular iron strip called ploughshare. The main part of the plough is a long log of wood which is
called a ploughshaft. There is a handle at one end of the shaft. The other end is attached to a beam which is placed on the bulls’ necks.
-One pair of bulls and a man can easily operate the plough
Write a short note on hoe. (2)
-for removing weeds and loosening the soil.
-It has a long rod of wood or iron. A strong, broad and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. -It is pulled by animals.
Write a short note on cultivator. (2)
-tractor driven
-used for loosening of soil
-saves labour and time
Damaged seeds become hollow and are thus lighter. Therefore, they float on water. State whether True or false. (1)
true.
What are the two tools used for sowing. Explain. (4)
the traditional tool
-shaped like funnel
-seeds are filled into funnel and passed down through two or three pipes having sharp ends. These ends pierce into the soil and place seeds there.
Seed drill
-tractor driven
-sows seeds uniformly at equal distance and depth.
-It ensures that seeds get covered by the soil after sowing. This protects seeds from being eaten by birds.
-saves time and labour.
The technique of moving a plant from a place where it has been growing and replanting it at the field when they grow into seedlings is called ___________. (1)
a) germination
b) cropping
c) sowing
d) transplantation
d) transplantation
