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Bio Chemistry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A pure substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

A

Compound

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2
Q

A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

A

Element

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3
Q

Negatively charged particle with the mass of a proton

A

Electron

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4
Q

Smallest unit of most compounds

A

Molecule

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5
Q

The center of an atom formed by protons and neutrons

A

Neucleus

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6
Q

Positively and negatively charged atoms

A

Ion

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7
Q

One or more electrons being transferred from one atom to another

A

Ionic bond

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8
Q

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain

A

Isotope

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9
Q

Basic unit of matter

A

Atom

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10
Q

Molecules that are close together and a slight attraction can develop between the oppositely charged region of the nearby molecules inter molecules

A

Van set waals forces

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11
Q

An attraction between molecules of the same substance

A

Cohesion

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12
Q

An attraction between molecules of different substances

A

Adhesion

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13
Q

A material composed of two or more elements or compounds mixed together but not chemically combined

A

Mixture

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14
Q

When ions gradually become dispersed in water forming a type of mixture

A

Solution

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15
Q

The substance that is dissolved

A

Solute

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16
Q

The substance in which the solute dissolves

A

Solvent

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17
Q

Mixture of water and non dissolved material

A

Suspension

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18
Q

Any compound that forms H ions in a solution

A

Acid

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19
Q

A compound that produces hydroxide in a solution

A

Base

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20
Q

A measurement system devised to indicate the concentration of ions in a solution

A

Ph scale

21
Q

Weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in ph

A

Buffer

22
Q

Larger compounds built by joining smaller ones together the smaller units

A

Monomer

23
Q

Monomers joined together

A

Polymer

24
Q

Compounds made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

Sugar molecules

A

Monosaccharides

26
Q

Large molecules formed from monosaccharides

A

Polysaccharides

27
Q

Large and varied groups of biological molecules that are generally not soluble in water

A

Lipid

28
Q

Macromolecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon hydrogen and oxygen

A

Protein

29
Q

Macromolecules containing hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbon and phosphorus

A

Nuclei can acid

30
Q

Individual monomers

A

Nucleotide

31
Q

Type of nucleotide acid that contains the sugar ribose

A

Rna

32
Q

A type of nucleus acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose

A

Dna

33
Q

Compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group an the other end

A

Amino acid

34
Q

A process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals into another

A

Chemical reaction

35
Q

The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction

A

Reactant

36
Q

The elements or compounds produced by chemical reactions

A

Product

37
Q

Energy that needed to get a reaction started

A

Activation energy

38
Q

Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction

A

Catalyst

39
Q

Proteins that act as biological catalysts

A

Enzyme

40
Q

The reactants of enzyme catalyzed reactions

A

Substrate

41
Q

When electrons are shared between atoms

A

Covalent bond

42
Q

What is the most abundant organic molecule

A

Cellulose

43
Q

What is an example of saturated fat

A

Shortening

44
Q

What ph do enzymes work best at

A

Neutral

45
Q

Glycogen is made out of what

A

100 glucoses

46
Q

What is the structural difference between fructose and glucose

A

Fructose is a pentagonal ring and glucose is a hexagonal ring

47
Q

What functional group does fatty acids contain

A

Carboxyl group

48
Q

What is an example of an isomer

A

Fructose and glucose

Bio (5 decks)

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