BIO chap 17 Questions Flashcards
What is variation in Natural populations?
We are trying to understand what level is coded for genetic variation and which is coded for environmental variation
What is Phenotypic variation?
Heritable variation in appearance/function (behaviour)
What is Phenotypic plasticity?
When two individuals have the exact same genotype but are placed in different environments which leads them to having different phenotypic traits because they’re expressed differently based on their enviornement.
What is Quantitative variation?
When individuals differ in small incremental ways. On a frequency distribution. If you notice a low broad curve that indicates their is a lot of variation among individuals but if you notice a high peak curve, that indicates there is very few variation among individuals
What is Qualitative variation?
Characteristics with discrete states (two diff things like orange and blue)
What is polymorphism?
Individuals with discrete characteristics but within the same species like birds with different colours (example of qualitative)
Are genotypes and phenotypes always correlated?
No
Phenotypic variation is due to genetics, environment or the interaction of the two
Give an example on how genotypes and phenotypes are not always correlated
You have the two flower seeds with the same genotype. One grows to be blue and the other grows to be pink. This is because they grew on different environments. Blue grew on acidic soil and pink grew on Alkaline soil
What is standing genetic variation?
Variation that exists within a population that may not be selected on now, but later if the environment changes, it can be used
What is a genetic structure?
When a population gets isolated and start mating with one another which in other terms is inbred. And this made the population really similar genetically. Everyone had the same kind of alleles
What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
When a population is not evolving. It’ll be considered in HW if it is not.
What is genetic variation?
When individuals posses different versions of the same genes. Can happen through production of new alleles or rearrangement of existing alleles leading to new recombination’s
What is a locus?
Location of a gene on a chromosome
What is a gene pool?
All alleles at all loci in a population
What is SNPs?
Difference in amino acid sequences which indicates difference amongst individuals. Normally a single nucleotide polymorphism