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Bio- Ch.1- Les.2 Flashcards

1
Q

The compact bone stores important minerals such as….

A

Calcium

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2
Q

Red marrow is found in bones, and has the function of——

A

Making blood cells

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3
Q

What are the main functions of the skeletal system

A
  • supports the body
  • protects internal organs
  • makes blood cells
  • stores minerals
  • helps movement
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4
Q

What makes up the skeletal system

A

Bones
Ligaments
Cartilage

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5
Q

What makes up the axial skeleton

A

The skull
Vertebrae
Ribs

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6
Q

What is the axial skeletons function

A

It supports the bodys weight and protects important organs

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7
Q

What makes up the appendicular skeleton

A

Arms
Legs
Shoulders
Pelvis

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8
Q

What is the function of the appendicular skeleton

A

It allows most of the body’s movement

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9
Q

Expalain why the body of a newborn has more bones than the body of an adult

A

As a child grows, some bones fuse together

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10
Q

What are ligaments

A

Ligaments allow movement, and hold bones together. They are the tough flexible strand of connective tissue.

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11
Q

What are cartilage

A

Cartilage is a strong, flexible, and smooth connective tissue found at the end of bones.
It allows bones to move smoothly across each other.

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12
Q

What are bones made of (in general)

A

Bones are hard organs made up of minerals and connective tissue

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13
Q

If you looked inside of a bone, you would notice two kinds of bone tissue. WhAt are they

A

Spongy bone

Compact bone

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14
Q

What is a spongy bones function

A

Provides most of the strength and support for the bone

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15
Q

What is a compact bone’s function

A

Makes bones rigid and hard

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16
Q

The minerals in bones are deposited by bone cells called….

A

Osteoblasts

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17
Q

What is collagen (biological)

A

The protein the connective tissue in aboneis mostly made of

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18
Q

What are ligaments

A

Ligaments allow movement, and hold bones together. They are the tough flexible strand of connective tissue.

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19
Q

What are cartilage

A

Cartilage is a strong, flexible, and smooth connective tissue found at the end of bones.
It allows bones to move smoothly across each other.

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20
Q

What are bones made of (in general)

A

Bones are hard organs made up of minerals and connective tissue

21
Q

If you looked inside of a bone, you would notice two kinds of bone tissue. WhAt are they

A

Spongy bone

Compact bone

22
Q

What is a spongy bones function

A

Provides most of the strength and support for the bone

23
Q

What is a compact bone’s function

A

Makes bones rigid and hard

24
Q

The minerals in bones are deposited by bone cells called….

A

Osteoblasts

25
Q

What is collagen (biological)

A

The protein the connective tissue in aboneis mostly made of

26
Q

What is a joint?

A

The place where two or more bones connect.

27
Q

Describe hinge joints

A

Hinge joints allow bones to move back and forth

28
Q

Describe a gliding joint

A

Gliding joints allow a great deal of flexibility in many directions.

29
Q

Describe a ball and socket joint

A

Ball and socket joints allow one of the bones of the joint to rotate in a large circle

30
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Osteoporosis is a disease that causes bone tissue to become thin.

The bones become weak and break easily.

This occurs when adults dont get enough calcium in their diets

31
Q

What is a sprain

A

A sprain is an injury to a ligament that can be caused by stretching a joint too far. The tissues in a sprained ligament can tear, so they become swollen and painful to move

32
Q

What is muscle tissue?

A

Muscle is the tissue that contracts and relaxes, making movement possible. Muscle tissue is made up of muscle cells.

33
Q

How do muscles make movement possible?

A

By contracting and relaxing

34
Q

What are the three kinds of muscle tissue?

A
  • smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle
  • skeletal muscle
35
Q

What kind(s) of muscle tissue is is involuntary?. Why is it named as ‘voluntary’

A

The skeletal muscle tissue is voluntary.

It is voluntary because you We are able to control it.

36
Q

What kind(s) of muscle tissue is involuntary. Why is it called involuntary

A

Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are involuntary.

They are involuntary because we are not able to control them.

37
Q

How do the three muscle tissue types look simular and different?

A

Cardiac and skeletal muscles look similar because they are both striped. Cardiac is branched while skeletal is not. Smooth muscle cells are not striped, they are spindle shaped.

38
Q

Smooth muscle is found in…..

A

Internal organs and blood vessels.

39
Q

Cardiac muscle makes up the …..

A

Heart

40
Q

The skeletal muscle allows you to …………

A

Move

41
Q

What is the main function of the smooth muscle?

A

It helps move materials through the body

42
Q

What is the connection between smooth muscle and the digestive system?

A

Smooth muscle movement in your digestive system helps move food in your intestines

43
Q

Complete:

In order to supply lots of energy to cells, cardiac muscle cells contain many ———–

A

Mitochondria

44
Q

What is a tendon?

A

A tendon is the tough strand of tissue that connects a tendon to a bone.

45
Q

COMPLETE

When a muscle contracts or shortens ….(what happens)

A

The attached bones are pulled closer to each other

46
Q

Explain how do muscles work in pairs to move the body.

A

The flexor contracts and the extensor relaxes to bend a joint.

The extensor contracts and the flexor relaxes to straighten a joint.

For ex: biceps and triceps

47
Q

A stain is….

A

A muscle injury in which a muscle is overstretched or torn.

48
Q

What is muscle dystrophy

A

Its a hereditary disease that causes skeletal muscle to become weaker.

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