Bio

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

Question 2

Cytokinesis

Answer 2

the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

Question 3

Prophase

Answer 3

The first stage, which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears

Question 4

Metaphase

Answer 4

the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.

Question 5

Anaphase

Answer 5

the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

Question 7

Spindle

Answer 7

refers to the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells.

Question 8

Metaphase Plate

Answer 8

plane or region that is approximately equidistant from the two poles of a dividing cell

Question 9

Heredity

Answer 9

the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

Question 10

Self - pollination

Answer 10

the pollination of a flower by pollen from the same flower or from another flower on the same plant.

Question 11

Cross - pollination

Answer 11

pollination of a flower or plant with pollen from another flower or plant.

Question 12

Hybrid

Answer 12

the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule

Question 13

Independant assortment

Answer 13

describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop

Question 14

Phenotype

Answer 14

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 15

Genotype

Answer 15

the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Question 16

Homozygous

Answer 16

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.

Question 17

Heterozygous

Answer 17

having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.

Question 18

Monohybrid cross

Answer 18

A genetic cross between parents that differ in the alleles they possess for one particular gene, one parent having two dominant alleles and the other two recessives

Question 19

Dihybrid cross

Answer 19

is a cross between two different lines/genes that differ in two observed traits

Question 20

Meiosis

Answer 20

a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.

Question 21

Crossing over

Answer 21

the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.

Question 22

Chiasmata

Answer 22

a point at which paired chromosomes remain in contact during the first metaphase of meiosis, and at which crossing over and exchange of genetic material occur between the strands.

Question 23

Alleles

Answer 23

one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Question 24

Normal Distribution

Answer 24

Any of a family of bell-shaped frequency curves whose relative position and shape are defined on the basis of the mean and standard deviation

Question 25

Chromatin

Answer 25

the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.