Bio

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

DNA is instructions of life

Question 2

Describe the experiment the proved DNA.

Answer 2

To prove DNA the put a non-lethal bacteria into a rat, rat lived.

Non-Lethal: Non deadly
Lethal- deadly

lethal has a capsule

Question 3

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

Answer 3

Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
(in RNA) Uracil

Question 4

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 4

4 nitrogen bases

Question 5

describe a nucleotide

Answer 5

a group made of a base, sugar and a phosphate

Question 6

why is the sequence of nucleotides important?

Answer 6

is the code that controls the product room of all proteins for an organism.

Question 7

what is relocation and why do cells undergo this process?

Answer 7

Is the process of making an exact copy of DNA. This happens so that they can repair damages strands.

Question 8

Process of replication

Answer 8

Chemical bonds connecting bases break apart. the DNA separates. matching a. ew nucleotide match with proper bases. the process continues until the strand has been copied

Question 9

What is a template

Answer 9

a pattern

Question 10

what powers the process

Answer 10

nucleotides

Question 11

what are proteins and what are they used for?

Answer 11

proteins are long chains of amino acids and they are the messengers for the cell.

Question 12

what is an enzyme?

Answer 12

Biological catalogs - makes chemical reactions in organisms go faster.

Question 13

where are proteins made?

Answer 13

ribosomes, outside the nucleus

Question 14

what is RNA why is it needed?

Answer 14

RNA has a ribose as its sugar, single helix, and bases are A&U and G&C

Question 15

COMPARE

DNA AND RNA

Answer 15

DNA

SUGAR: deoxyribose
HELIX: double helix
BASES: AT AND GC

RNA

RIBOSE
SINGLE HELIX
AU GC

Question 16

list and describe types and functions of RNA.

Answer 16

messenger- MRNA carries sequence of bases to the ribosomes

transfer- TRNA picks up amino acids and carries them to the ribosomes

Question 17

what is transcription

Answer 17

process of making MRNA from a DNA molecule

Question 18

why do we need transcription

Answer 18

information is contained in dna can not be transferred into other cells.

Question 19

steps of translation

Answer 19

ribosomes pink wig the mrna at the starting codon

slides down to the mrna to the next codon

reads the codon and finds the trna with the matching anti- codon

rrna bonds the mrna and trna and ribosomes together

ribosomes slide down to the next codon reads it and finds the trna with matching anti codon.

connects amino acids together into a long chain.

process repeats until it reaches the stop codon

Question 20

what’s a codon and what do they do?

Answer 20

codons are a code with three letters in the they are separated into sections that make codes

Question 21

what is the start codon and a stop codon.

Answer 21

start: AUG
stop: UAA UAG UGA

Question 22

what is transcription

Answer 22

translation is mrna sequence i the amino ace sequence of a protein.

Question 23

what is mutation?

Answer 23

the change in the genetic code/order of the bases are changed.

Question 24

different mutations

Answer 24

substitutions