bio

Question 1

abiotic

Answer 1

relating to non-living parts of an environment such as sunlight, soil, moisture, and temp.

Question 2

biome

Answer 2

the largest division of the biosphere, which includes larges regions with similar biotic components and similar abiotic components

Question 3

biosphere

Answer 3

the thin layer of air, land, and water on or near earths surface in which all living things on earth exist

Question 4

biotic

Answer 4

relating to living organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria

Question 5

climate

Answer 5

the average conditions (eg. precipitation, temp, and humidity) in a large region over 30 years or more

Question 6

climatograph

Answer 6

a graph of climate data for a specific region; the data are usually obtained over 30 years from local weather observation stations

Question 7

commensalism

Answer 7

a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is not helped nor harmed

Question 8

community

Answer 8

all the populations of the different species that interact in a specific area or ecosystem

Question 9

consumer

Answer 9

an organsim that eats other organisms

Question 10

ecosystem

Answer 10

a part of a biome in which abiotic components interact with biotic components

Question 11

elevation

Answer 11

the height of a land mass above sea level

Question 12

host

Answer 12

living inside (ex.hookworm inside a dog) the dog would be the host

Question 13

latitude

Answer 13

the distance measured in degrees north or south from the equator.

Question 14

mutualism

Answer 14

a symbiotic relationship between 2 organisms in which both of the organisms will benefit.

Question 15

parasitism

Answer 15

a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and another is harmed

Question 16

predation

Answer 16

predator-prey interactions in which one organisms (the predator) eats all or part of another organism (prey)

Question 17

symbiosis

Answer 17

the interaction between members of two different species that live together in a close association

Question 18

bioaccumulation

Answer 18

the gradual build up of synthetic and organic chemicals in living organisms

Question 19

trophic levels

Answer 19

step in a food chain that show feeding and niche relations among organisms

Question 20

bacteria

Answer 20

microscopic living organisms usually one celled, that cam be found everywhere, they can be dangerous and sometimes even helpful

Question 21

biodegradation

Answer 21

the breaking down of dead organic matter by living organisms such as bacteria

Question 22

biomagnification

Answer 22

the process in which chemicals not only accumulate but become more concentrated at each trophic level in a food pyramid

Question 23

carbon sink

Answer 23

a body or process (ex. plants, oceans, soil) that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and stores it

Question 24

carnivore

Answer 24

2ndary consumer that eats primary consumers and 2nd consumer too. they are often at the territory level of a food chain

Question 25

cellular respiration

Answer 25

process in which both plants and animals release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere by converting carbohydrates and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water

Question 26

decomposers

Answer 26

organisms like bacterial and fungi that break down wastes and dead organisms and change them into useable nutrients available to other organisms

Question 27

deforestation

Answer 27

the clearing or logging of forests without replanting

Question 28

dentrification

Answer 28

the process in which nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere

Question 29

detrivores

Answer 29

consumers that feed at every trophic level, obtaining their energy and nutrients by eating dead organic matter

Question 30

ecological pyramid

Answer 30

a food pyramid there are 3 types of them:
pyramid of biomass
pyramid of numbers
pyramid of energy

Question 31

food chain

Answer 31

model that shows the flow of energy from plant to animal and from animal to animals

Question 32

food pyramid

Answer 32

a model that shows the loss of energy from one trophic level to another; often called an ecological pyramid

Question 33

food webs

Answer 33

model of the feeding relationships within an ecosystem; formed from interconnected food chains

Question 34

greenhouse gases

Answer 34

gases in earths atmosphere that absorb and trap radiation as thermal energy (ex. carbon dioxide)

Question 35

heavy metals

Answer 35

metalic elements with a high density that are toxic to organisms at low concentrations

Question 36

herbivore

Answer 36

primary consumers that eat plants

Question 37

keystone species

Answer 37

species (ex. salmon) can greatly affect population numbers and the health of an ecosystem

Question 38

nitrification

Answer 38

the process in which ammonium is converted into nitrate

Question 39

nutrients

Answer 39

substances such as the chemicals nitrogen and phosphorus that are required by plants and animals for energy, growth, development, repair, or maintenance; important components of nutrient cycles in the biosphere

Question 40

omnivore

Answer 40

consumers that can eat both plants and animals

Question 41

permafrost

Answer 41

ground that stays frozen year round

Question 42

pesticide

Answer 42

a general term for chemicals that are used to eliminate pests such as insecticides that kill insects and herbicides that kill weeds

Question 43

photosynthesis

Answer 43

a process in which carbon dioxide enters the leaves of plants and react with water in the presence of sunlight to produce carbohydrates and oxygen; photosynthesis also occurs in some micro-organisms

Question 44

producer

Answer 44

organisms that produce food in the of carbohydrates during photosynthesis

Question 45

soil degradation

Answer 45

damage to soil

for example; as a result of deforestation or the removal of top soil from bare land by water and wind erosion

Question 46

proliferate

Answer 46

to increase grow or produce rapidly and often excessively

Question 47

foreign species

Answer 47

introduced species

can sometimes become insvasive

Question 48

niche

Answer 48

the special role an organism plays in an ecosystem, including the way in which it contributes to and fits into its environment

Question 49

native species

Answer 49

plants and animals that naturally inhabit an area

Question 50

adaptive radiation

Answer 50

the development of a number of new species from a number a common ancestor; the new species are adapted to inhabit different niches

Question 51

climax community

Answer 51

a make community, such as boreal forest, tropical rainforest, grassland or desert that continues to change over time

Question 52

natural selection

Answer 52

the process in which, over time, the best adapted member of a species will survive and reproduce. this process makes change in living things possible

Question 53

pioneer species

Answer 53

organisms such as lichens and other plants that are the first to survive and reproduce in an area; these organisms change the abiotic and biotic conditions of an area so that other organisms can survive there

Question 54

ecological succesion

Answer 54

changes that take place over time in the types of organisms that live in an area

Question 55

habitat

Answer 55

the place in which an organism lives (ex. ancestor a burrow)