Bio 30

Question 1

What does the sympathetic system control

Answer 1

Fight or flight processes

Question 2

What does the parasympathetic system control

Answer 2

Rest and digest processes

Question 3

Define Homologous chromosomes

Answer 3

A pair of chromosomes of matching length, shape and code

Question 4

Define Autosomal (in chromosomes)

Answer 4

Autosomal chromosomes are any chromosome other than sex chromosomes ( X or Y)

Question 5

What are cones?

Answer 5

Cones are photoreceptors located in the retina that detect colour

Question 6

What are rods

Answer 6

Rods are photoreceptors located on the retina which detect light depth.

Question 7

The autosomal system controls what?

Answer 7

The involuntary parasympathetic and sympathetic responses

Question 8

The central nervous system consists of what?

Answer 8

The brain and spinal chord

Question 9

What are the peripheral nervous system’s functions and structures

Answer 9

The PNS consists of nerves throughout the body which control both motor and sensory functions

Question 10

Is the somatic system voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 10

Voluntary

Question 11

Is the autosomal system involuntary or voluntary?

Answer 11

Involuntary (automatic)

Question 12

Which six hormones does the anterior pituitary gland release?

Answer 12

Growth hormone (HGH), Prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),leutinizing hormone (LH), and ACTH

Question 13

What does HGH do?

Answer 13

Causes growth

Question 14

What does prolactin do

Answer 14

Prolactin causes milk to be produced from mammary glands

Question 15

What does TSH do?

Answer 15

Stimulates the thyroid (trophic)

Question 16

What does LH do in women

Answer 16

Triggers ovulation and estrogen and progesterone secretion from the corpus Luteum

Question 17

What does FSH do in women?

Answer 17

F- stimulates the follicle in ovaries to develop ova

Question 18

What does ACTH do?

Answer 18

Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release hormones

Question 19

What does the posterior pituitary release?

Answer 19

Oxytocin and Antiderietic (ADH)

Question 20

What does ADH do?

Answer 20

Stimulate kidneys to absorb water

Question 21

What does Oxytocin do?

Answer 21

Causes uterine contractions

Question 22

Which hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete

Answer 22

glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids (cortisol and aldosterone)

Question 23

Which hormones does the adrenal medulla produce

Answer 23

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 24

What hormones do the Male gonads produce

Answer 24

Testosterone and inhibin

Question 25

What hormones do the Female gonads produce

Answer 25

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 26

What does estrogen do

Answer 26

promotes 2ndary characteristics and uterine lining thickening and vasculation

Question 27

What does progesterone do

Answer 27

Maintains the endometrium and quiets smooth muscle contractions of the uterus.

Question 28

What does epinephrine do

Answer 28

With the help of a little norepinephrine, it Increases breathing rate, heart rate, blood pressure conversion of glycogen to glucose and decreases metabolism.

Question 29

What does cortisol do

Answer 29

Longer lasting epinephrine, mainly raises blood glucose. Breaks down muscle into amino acids which the liver uses as glucose and breaks down fat cells

Question 30

What does aldosterone do

Answer 30

Stimulates kidneys to increase the blood- sodium levels and blood pressure

Question 31

What does the thyroid secrete

Answer 31

Thyroxine (T3 & 4)

Question 32

What does thyroxine and calcitonin do

Answer 32

helps metabolic processes and Lowers blood-calcium levels

Question 33

What does PTH (parathyroid) do

Answer 33

Raised blood calcium levels

Question 34

How is the hypothalamus part of the endocrine system?

Answer 34

It makes hormones which the pituitary then stores and secretes

Question 35

What does the pancreas produce

Answer 35

Insulin and glucagon

Question 36

Insulin vs glucagon

Answer 36

Insulin causes take in if sugars from the blood and glucagon raises blood sugars

Question 37

What does the cerebrum do

Answer 37

Involved in muscle movements (voluntary and involuntary

Question 38

What does the hypothalamus do

Answer 38

Produces hormones, neurons control emotions and basic drives

Question 39

What does the occipital lobe control

Answer 39

Receives and analyzes visual information and recognition

Question 40

What do the frontal lobes do

Answer 40

Control reasoning, critical thinking, memory and personality

Question 41

What do the temporal lobes do

Answer 41

Auditory reception such as understanding of speech as well as visual and verbal memory retrieval

Question 42

What does the Cerebral cortex do?

Answer 42

Thinking and feeling (conscious thought)

Question 43

Name the stop codons

Answer 43

UAA UGA UAG

Question 44

What does LH do in men?

Answer 44

Stimulates interstitial cells to produce testosterone

Question 45

What does FSH do in men?

Answer 45

Tells sertoli to stimulate spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules

Question 46

What does testosterone do?

Answer 46

Stimulates primary and secondary characteristics, and indirectly stimulates spermatogenesis

Question 47

What does Gonadotrophin do? (GnRH)

Answer 47

Monitors the reproductive system and stimulates FSH and LH secretion.

Question 48

Serine

Answer 48

AGU AGC UC UCU UCC UCA UCG

Question 49

Arginine

Answer 49

CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG

Question 50

Tryptophan

Answer 50

UGG

Question 51

Glycine

Answer 51

GG GGU GGC GGA GGG

Question 52

Cysteine

Answer 52

UGU UGC

Question 53

Alanine

Answer 53

GC GCU GCC GCA GCG

Question 54

Threonine

Answer 54

AC ACU ACC ACA ACG

Question 55

Proline

Answer 55

CCU CCC CCA CCG

Question 56

Methionine

Answer 56

AUG

Question 57

Valine

Answer 57

GU GUU GUA GUG

Question 58

Leucine

Answer 58

UUA UUG CU CUU CUC CUA CUG

Question 59

Phenalanine

Answer 59

UUU UUC

Question 60

Isoleucine

Answer 60

AUU AUC AUA

Question 61

Glutamic acid

Answer 61

GAA GAG

Question 62

Aspartic acid

Answer 62

GUA GUC

Question 63

Lysine

Answer 63

AAG AAA

Question 64

Asparagine

Answer 64

AAU AAC

Question 65

Glutamine

Answer 65

CAA CAG

Question 66

Histidine

Answer 66

CAU CAC

Question 67

Tyrosine

Answer 67

AUU AUC