bio 2.4

Question 1

alleles

Answer 1

variation of genes

Question 2

pure breeding

Answer 2

individuals have the same genetic info for a trait

Question 3

heterozygous

Answer 3

individual has different alleles

Question 4

homozygous

Answer 4

both alleles that are the same

Question 5

dominant trait

Answer 5

trait that is observed in the outward appearance of a heterozygous individual

Question 6

recessive trait

Answer 6

trait that remains hidden in the heterozygous condition and seen only in the homozygous chromosome

Question 7

phenotype

Answer 7

observable characteristics of the individual

Question 8

genotype

Answer 8

genetic info carried by the individual

Question 9

mutation

Answer 9

mistake that happens as DNA is copied causing a change to the base sequence

Question 10

silent mutation

Answer 10

changes genetic code but does not affect protein made by using the info in the gene

Question 11

missense mutation

Answer 11

changes the protein made by gene (may cause disease)

Question 12

nonsense mutation

Answer 12

causes the cell to stop reading info on the gene before it end which lead to incomplete protein to be created

Question 13

frameshift mutation

Answer 13

inserts or deletes one or more bases causing info to be jumbled making it unreadable

Question 14

genetic engineering

Answer 14

process of using laboratory based tech to alter DNA made up of an organism this may involve changing a single base pair or adding or deleting DNA

Question 15

genome

Answer 15

complete set of DNA including all the genes of a cell, individual or species

Question 16

single nucleotides polymorphisms

Answer 16

difference in single nucleotides