Bio 224A Urinary MYLAB

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of the kidneys?

Answer 1

Hematopoiesis

Question 2

Place these vessels in the correct order as blood flows into and through the kidney.
1. afferent arteriole
2. arcuate artery
3. efferent arteriole
4. glomerulus
5. interlobar artery
6. interlobular (cortical radiate) artery
7. renal artery
8. segmental artery

Answer 2

7,8,5,2,6,1,4,3

Question 3

A patient who has long-term renal failure may have:

Answer 3

Decreased number of erythrocytes in his blood

Question 4

Returning fluid and solutes from filtrate to blood happens via

Answer 4

Tubular reabsorption

Question 5

What should NOT be found in filtrate

Answer 5

Plasma protiens

Question 6

Which of the follwoing forces drives filration

Answer 6

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure ( GHP)

Question 7

The net filtration pressure is equal to

Answer 7

GHP-(GCOP+CHP)

Question 8

An increase in blood pressure will casue an increase in

Answer 8

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure ( GHP)

Question 9

Which of the follwoing cells or organs release renin

Answer 9

Juxtaglomerular cells

Question 10

Angiotensin II promotes

Answer 10

Constriction of the efferent ateriole

Question 11

Recall that the sympathetic nervous system causes activation of Angiotensin II. With this knowledge, how would the sympathetic nervous system be affected by a treatment for high blood pressure?

Answer 11

Sympathetic nervous sytem would be inhibited

Question 12

Which of the following will cause an increase in GHP and GFR?

Answer 12

Dilation of the afferent arteriole

Question 13

While traveling through the rain forest of Peru, you are introduced to a rare and exotic plant. You discover that it contains a toxin that blocks the reabsorption of sodium ions from the proximal tubule. If administered, what affect would this toxin have on the reabsorption of glucose?

Answer 13

Toxin would signifiantly decrease the amount of glucose reabsorbed

Question 14

the thick ascending limb of the nephron loop is mostly permeable to

Answer 14

Ions such as Na and Cl

Question 15

As filtrate moves down the descending limb of the nephron loop

Answer 15

Its concentration increases

Question 16

Filtrate concentration is lower than normal at the turn of the nephrom loop

Answer 16

Active transport in the thick ascending limb will be less efficient

Question 17

Furosemide is a loop diuretic drug that inhibits the pump responsible for active reabsorption of Na and Cl in the nephron loop. Predict the effect of furosemide on the quantity of urine produced.

Answer 17

there will be a large amount of urine produced

Question 18

Furosemide is a loop diuretic drug that inhibits the pump responsible for active reabsorption of Na and Cl in the nephron loop. Which of the following is one of the common side effects of furosemide?

Answer 18

Increased natriuresis ( NA loss)

Question 19

Increase in urine volume is usually accompanied by ___________ in urine concentration.

Answer 19

decrease

Question 20

If there was no medullary gradient, the kidneys would produce:

Answer 20

large amount of dilute urine

Question 21

Increased water reabsorption in the descending limb of the nephron loop will result in __________.

Answer 21

Increased NaCl reabsorption in the ascending limb

Question 22

Glomerulonephritis, or inflammation of the glomerulus, will result in leaky glomerular capillaries and damaged glomeruli, both of which will cause the GFR to decrease. If GFR decreases, which mechanisms would be triggered to help maintain the GFR?

Answer 22

RAAS and tubuloglomerular feedback

Question 23

Renal clearance is defined as:

Answer 23

the rate at which the kidneys remove a substance from the blood.

Question 24

Each of the following is typical of urine EXCEPT:

Answer 24

A pH of 3.0

Question 25

What initiates the micturition reflex?

Answer 25

Stretch receptors in the wall of the urinary bladder signal the sacral region of the spinal cord.

Question 26

What are the three main regions of the kidney

Answer 26

Real pelvis , renal medulla, renal cortex

Question 27

What are the two main divisions of the nephron?

Answer 27

renal corpuscle and renal tubule

Question 28

Simple squamous epithelium is located in the:

Answer 28

descending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle).

Question 29

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Answer 29

the amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in one minute.

Question 30

Which hormones promote facultative water reabsorption?

Answer 30

aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)