Bio

Question 0

Systematics

Answer 0

Classifies organisms and determines evolutionary relationships

Question 1

Phylogeny

Answer 1

Evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species

Question 2

Taxonomy

Answer 2

Ordered division and naming of organisms

Question 3

Binomialp

Answer 3

The two part scientific name of a species

Question 4

Genus

Answer 4

The first part of the name

Question 5

The taxonomic groups from broad narrow

Answer 5

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family

Question 6

Taxonomic unit at any level of hierarchy

Answer 6

Taxon

Question 7

What depicts evolutionary relationships

Answer 7

Phylogenic trees

Question 8

What does the branch point represent on the phylogenic tree

Answer 8

Divergence of the species

Question 9

What are sister taxa

Answer 9

Groups that share an immediate common ancestor

Question 10

What is similarly due to convergent evolution

Answer 10

Analogy

Question 11

What is an outgroup

Answer 11

A group that has diverged before the ingroup

Question 12

What is the ingroup

Answer 12

The various species being studied

Question 13

A network of sugar polymers cross-linked by polypeptides is called what

Answer 13

Poptidoglycan

Question 14

What is gram stain used for?

Answer 14

To classify bacteria by cell wall composition

Question 15

What kind of bacteria have simpler walls with a large amount of peptidoglycan

Answer 15

Gram positive

Question 16

What kind of bacteria have less peptidoglycan and an outer membrane that can be toxic?

Answer 16

Gram negative

Question 17

A polysaccharide or protein layer on many prokaryotes is called…

Answer 17

A capsule

Question 18

Fimbriae

Answer 18

Allow prokaryotes to stick to their substrate or other individuals in a colony

Question 19

Taxis

Answer 19

The ability to move toward or away from a stimulus

Question 20

Endoscopes

Answer 20

Formed by prokaryotes. They can remain viable in harsh conditions for centuries

Question 21

Obligate

Answer 21

Require O2 for cellular respiration

Question 22

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 22

Poisoned by O2 and use fermentation

Question 23

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 23

Something obligate anaerobes use other than fermentation

Question 24

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 24

Can survive with or without O2

Question 25

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 25

When prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia

Question 26

Prokaryotes

Answer 26

Most are unicellular

Question 27

Hererocysts

Answer 27

In cyanobacterium, these are photosynthetic cells and nitrogen-fixing cells that exchange metabolic products

Question 28

Photoautotroph

Answer 28

Energy from light. need CO2 as carbon source

Question 29

Chemoautotroph

Answer 29

Energy from chemicals. Need co2 as carbon source

Question 30

Photoheterotroph

Answer 30

Energy from light. Organic compounds as carbon source

Question 31

Chemoheterotroph

Answer 31

Organic compounds as energy and carbon source

Question 32

Biofilms

Answer 32

Surface coating colonies where metabolic cooperation occurs.

Question 33

Extremophiles

Answer 33

Archaea that live in extreme environments

Question 34

Extreme halophiles. They are archaea

Answer 34

Live in highly saltine environments

Question 35

Extreme thermopiles. They are archaea

Answer 35

Thrive in very hot environments

Question 36

Methanogens. They are archaea

Answer 36

Live in swamps, marshes, produce methane as a waste product.

Question 37

Decomposes

Answer 37

Chemoheterotrophic prokaryotes. Break down dead organisms

Question 38

Symbiosis

Answer 38

Ecological relationship in which two species live in close contact

Question 39

Host

Answer 39

The larger species

Question 40

Symbiont

Answer 40

The smaller species

Question 41

Mutualism

Answer 41

Both symbiotic organisms benefit

Question 42

Commensalism

Answer 42

One organism benefits while neither harming more helping the other

Question 43

Parasitism

Answer 43

When a parasite harms but doesn't kill the host

Question 44

Pathogen

Answer 44

Parasites that cause disease

Question 45

Exotoxins

Answer 45

Are secreted and cause disease even if the prokaryotes that produce them aren't present

Question 46

Endotoxins

Answer 46

Released only when bacteria die and their cell wall breaks down