bio 182 exam 3

Question 1

carrying capacity

Answer 1

when r gets to zero; the size of the population that the environment can handle anything more than that and exceeds the resources that are available; organisms compete for limited resources

Question 2

emigration

Answer 2

an animal leaves its home because the habitat is no longer ideal for them and they need to find a more suitable environment.

Question 3

populations grow when…

Answer 3

births and immigrants exceed deaths and emigrants

Question 4

change in pop size per time =

Answer 4

per capita growth rate x current population size

Question 5

exponential growth rate

Answer 5

r stays the same and birth and death rates do not stay the same therefore this is a bad example of a population

Question 6

logistic model assumptions

Answer 6

1. all individuals survive and reproduce equally
   2.immigration=emigration
   3.birth and death rates decrease linearly with increasing density

Question 7

competition occurs when…

Answer 7

species directly interfere with one another or when one species consumes a resource before the other can do so

Question 8

competition exclusion principle

Answer 8

two species cannot coexist in the same environment if they require identical resources

Question 9

niche partitioning

Answer 9

: where each species consumes a different resource. In this way, species coexist by minimizing competition; For example, two species that occupy a similar niche will likely diverge to create some differences between their niches. This pattern, emerges as mutations produce genotypes with a unique niche

Question 10

fundamental niche

Answer 10

the full range of environmental conditions that a viable population of species can occupy and use, without any other limiting factors present which could constrain the population.

Question 11

realized niche

Answer 11

could be filled and is affected by the life history traits of each species and each individual organism

Question 12

dN/dt=rN

Answer 12

equilibrium size: none
maximal growth rate: r
competition: no competition
graph: straight up

Question 13

dN/dt=rN(K-N/K)

Answer 13

equilibrium size: K
maximal growth rate: r(K-N/K)
competition: intraspecific competition
graph: up a lot then flat

Question 14

dN/dt=r1N1(K1-N-aN2/K1)

Answer 14

equilibrium size: K1-aN2
maximal growth rate: r1(K1-aN2/K2)
competition: intra- and interspecific competition
graph: up a little then flat

Question 15

keystone species

Answer 15

a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its natural environment relative to its abundance
-strongly affects the structure of a community
-can increase or decrease diversity

Question 16

teleconnection

Answer 16

climate anomalies being related to each other at large distances.
-the emissions we produce affects the world

Question 17

positive feedback occurs when…

Answer 17

warming caused by carbon emissions leads to higher rates of microbial respiration and decomposition

Question 18

climate envelope

Answer 18

where a species lives
-is use to predict how species will respond to climate change
-uses realized niche to predict the distribution of species

Question 19

tragedy of the commons

Answer 19

if you have a common resource, it gets exploited by people that live in groups, which ten produces waste which has a negative impact on biodiversity on our planet

Question 20

ocean acidification

Answer 20

a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

Question 21

nitrogen cycle

Answer 21

a biogeochemical process through which nitrogen is converted into many forms, consecutively passing from the atmosphere to the soil to organism and back into the atmosphere

Question 22

paris agreement

Answer 22

legally binding international treaty on climate change

Question 23

one-on-one coevolution

Answer 23

a single species e