BIO 182 Exam 1

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

Trying to maintain a stable internal environment with a changing external environment

Question 2

What is metabolism?

Answer 2

All the chemical reactions that occur in the body

Question 3

What are the molecules for energy? (In order)

Answer 3

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Question 4

What is an anabolic pathway?

Answer 4

An anabolic pathway takes smaller molecules and BUILD S them Up

Question 5

What is a catabolic pathway?

Answer 5

A catabolic pathway takes a larger molecule and BREAKS it DOWN

Question 6

What is metabolic rate?

Answer 6

The overall rate of energy use

Question 7

Does a larger or smaller animal have a greater resting metabolic rate?

Answer 7

A larger animal

Question 8

What size animal is MORE efficient, large or small?

Answer 8

Large

Question 9

The cost of transportation is ______ in smaller animals than larger ones.

Answer 9

greater

Question 10

What does it mean to be an endotherm?

Answer 10

An animal that regulates its own body temperature (warm-blooded)

Question 11

What does it mean to be an ectotherm?

Answer 11

An animal that utilizes the environment for regulating its body temperature (cold-blooded)

Question 12

What is energy balance?

Answer 12

An animal takes in the same amount of calories that it gives out

Question 13

What is energy imbalance?

Answer 13

When an animals energy intake does NOT equal the energy output (either starvation or weight gain)

Question 14

Can essential amino acids be manufactured?

Answer 14

No, they must be obtained in the diet

Question 15

What are vitamins?

Answer 15

Organic compounds that are required in small amounts

Question 16

What are some roles of vitamins?

Answer 16

They increase the activity of enzymes and they act as antioxidants

Question 17

What is ATP? (Actual name and what it is)

Answer 17

ATP is Adenosine Triphosphate and it is energy

Question 18

Where do phototrophs receive energy from?

Answer 18

Sunlight

Question 19

Where do chemotrophs receive energy from?

Answer 19

Chemical compounds

Question 20

What type of carbon compounds do autotrophs utilize?

Answer 20

Inorganic

Question 21

What type of carbon compounds do heterotrophs utilize?

Answer 21

Organic

Question 22

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 22

The energy of motion

Question 23

What is potential energy?

Answer 23

The energy released by a change in an objects position

Question 24

Animals such as cats, worms, and butterflies are classified as ___________

Answer 24

Chemoheterotrophs

Question 25

ATP is chemically related MOST closely to which of the following?

Answer 25

Guanine

Question 26

Which one of the following is an example of potential energy?

Answer 26

An electrochemical gradient

Question 27

Which of the following statements about metabolic rate is FALSE?

Answer 27

The metabolic rate per gram of tissue is greater in large endotherms than in small endotherms

Question 28

Most proteins consumed in the diet:

Answer 28

are broken down into amino acids and absorbed, and may be re-polymerized into the proteins the body needs

Question 29

An amino acid that cannot be synthesized by cellular biochemical pathways (and therefore must be obtained from the diet) is called a(n) ________ amino acid

Answer 29

Essential