Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

science 20 > bio > Flashcards

bio Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

abiotic factor

A

non-living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

biotic factor

A

living organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nutrient

A

any element or compound that an organism needs for growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ecosystem

A

all organisms in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

habitat

A

all biotic and abiotic factors present in an area that encourage the reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ecology

A

study of interactions within the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

biomass

A

dry mass of all living organisms occupying a habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

biosphere

A

all parts of earth where life exists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

biomes

A

large area containing similar environmental conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

biological community

A

interacting populations living in a certain area at a certain time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

population

A

group of organisms, all of the same species that live in the same area at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

organism

A

individual life form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

species

A

group of organisms that share common characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

symbiosis

A

long-lasting relationship benefits one organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mutualism

A

both organisms benefit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

commensalism

A

one benefits the other is neither helped or harmed
ex. shark+fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

paratism

A

parasite benefit at the expense of the host
ex. humans+ mosquitos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

competition

A

two or more organisms compete for the same resource

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

producers

A

use light to produce sugars through photosynthesis
ex. plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

consumers

A

use other organisms as an energy source
ex. deer+grass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

primary consumer

A

(herbivores) obtains energy from plants
ex. bunny, elephant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

secondary consumer

A

(carnivores) obtains energy from herbivores ( primary consumer)
ex. grass-mouse-owl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

tertiary consumer

A

(carnivors) obtains energy from other carnivores (secondary consumer)
ex. bird-fish-fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

scavenger

A

obtains energy from other animals that they didn’t kill themselves
ex. coyotes, snakes, vultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

decomposer

A

obtains energy from dead organic materials - bacteria
ex. worms, mushrooms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

trophic level

A

different stages in food chain or web

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

food chain

A

food is transferred from one trophic level to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

food web

A

interconnected feeding relationships within an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

transpiration

A

loss of water vapor from a plant through its leaves

29
Q

photosynthesis

A

plants and other organisms use light energy to convert H20 and CO2 into O2

30
Q

cellular respiration

A

cells convert energy stored in sugars into energy that the cells can use

31
Q

carbon cycle

A

all living things contain carbon containing molecules

32
Q

oxygen cycle

A

most living things can’t live without a source of oxygen

33
Q

nitrogen fixation

A

process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
ex. N2-NH3=ammonia

34
Q

nitrifying bacteria

A

type of soil bacteria that converts ammonia into nitrates
NH3-NO3 (nitrate)
NH3-NO2 (nitrite)

35
Q

nitrification

A

plants can use NO3 and NO2

36
Q

biodiversity

A

variety of life within an ecosystem

37
Q

habitat fragment

A

continuous habitat broken apart into non-connected areas with non-habitat between

38
Q

habitat destruction

A

permanent alteration of vital characteristics in an organisms habitat

39
Q

extinct

A

does not exist

40
Q

extirpated

A

no longer exists in one location but lives elsewhere

41
Q

endangered

A

species is threatened with near extinction or extirpation throughout the range

42
Q

threatened

A

species likely to become endangered

43
Q

vulnerable

A

species likely to become threatened

44
Q

invasive species

A

species that doesn’t normally occur in an area. introduced through human actions

45
Q

primary succession

A

changing bare rock into a community

46
Q

pioneer species

A

simple plants that invade bare ground

47
Q

climax community

A

stable community that results from the process of succession

48
Q

secondary succession

A

occurs after existing community is disturbed by fire/flood

49
Q

doubling time

A

amount of time it takes for population to double it’s size

50
Q

exponential growth

A

rapid growth of a population caused by a constant increase in numbers

51
Q

exponential curve

A

(j-curve) shape for the graph of exponential growth

52
Q

closed population

A

population size affected by births/deaths only

53
Q

open populations

A

birth,deaths,immigration and emigration all affect the population size

54
Q

carrying capacity

A

maximum number of individuals that can be sustained for a period of time in a given ecosystem
ex. disease

55
Q

s-curve

A

shape of a graph for a population limited by disease, competition, predation, etc

56
Q

generation

A

single step in the line of descent ex. parent+child = 2 generations

57
Q

gradualism

A

changes in species occurred gradually, in a steady way, over a long period of time

58
Q

punctuated equilibrium

A

long periods of equilibrium (no change) interrupted by periods of speculation (change in species)
-change happens all at once

59
Q

mutation

A

random changes in genetic material that can be passed from parent to offspring

60
Q

adaptation

A

behavior process that helps an organism survive its particular environment

60
Q

variation

A

difference in the frequency of genes and traits among individuals in a population

61
Q

theory of evolution

A

theory starting that the nature of a population gradually changes over time

62
Q

natural selection

A

only the organisms best suited to their environment survive to reproduce

63
Q

darwinian fitness

A

reproductive success

64
Q

embryology

A

study of organisms in the early stages of development

65
Q

homologous structures

A

common origin, different use

66
Q

analogous structures

A

similar structures, similar use, different origin

67
Q

vestigial structures

A

structures that have no present day function

68
Q

bio geography

A

study of the geographical distribution of plants and animals

69
Q

sexual reproduction

A

reproduction by union of sex cells from two different parents

70
Q

asexual reproduction

A

reproduction of offspring from a single parent

science 20 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions