Bio 160 Flashcards
Homeostasis
Maintaining a stable internal enviornment
Growth
An increase in the size and/or number or cells present
Development
Production of specialized structures
Genetic Material
DNA
Order of Scientific Method
- Observation
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Analyze Data
- Conclusion
- Theory
Experimental vs Control Group
Experimental: What tests are conducted on
Control: Left alone to provide a baseline to compare the experimental results to
Hydrogen Bonds
Loose association between partially positive hydrogen and partially negative atoms. Usually between molecules or parts of a larger molecule
Covalent Bonds
Sharing of Elections
Polar: Unequal sharing of electrons
Non-polar: Equal sharing of electrons
Ionic
Transfer of elections between a cation and antion
4 main classes of organic molecules in a living system
- Proteins - Amino Acids, enzyme, transport
- Lipids - Diverse group, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, energy storage
- Carbs - Polysacchride, short term energy
- Nucleic Acid - Nucleotide, store and transfer of information (Nucleotide = Nucleus, Nucleus = DNA, DNA = Genetic Information)
What reaction breaks down polymers into monomers?
Hydrolysis
What reaction builds polymers from monomers?
Dehydration Synthesis
Describe Structure and Function (Found in all cells)
Plasma Membrane - Structure: Phospholipid Bilayer. Function: Separates and protects the inside of a cell from the outside
Cytoplasm/cytosol - Structure: Gel-like fluid. Function: Medium for chemical reactions. Provides a foundations for other organelles to do their thing
Ribosomes - Structure: Intercellular made of RNA and Protein. Function: The site of protein synthesis within a cell
Cytoskeletons - Structure: Microtubles, actin and intermediate filaments. Function: Give the cell its shape and help organize the cells parts
Describe Structure and Function (Found in some cells)
Cilia - Structure: Small, hair like. Function: Aid in movement
Flagella - Same as cilia, just found in different organisms
Cell Wall - Structure: Layer surrounding some kinds of cells. Function: Provides support and protection
Describe Structure and Function (Found in Eukaryotic Cells)
Nucleus - Structure: Spherical Shaped. Function: Genes and gene expression
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Structure: Rough and Smooth ER (Roast Beef). Function: Calcium Storage, protein Synthesis, Lipid Metabolism
Golgi Body - Structure: Flattened Pouches. Function: Process and Package protein and lipid molecules
Peroxisome - Structure: Single membrane. Function: Oxidation of several different enzymes
Mitochondria - Structure: membrane bound organelle. Function: Generate chemical energy for the cell
