BIO-145 EXAM 2

Question 1

What is evolution

Answer 1

The way living things change over time

Question 2

What is Coevolution

Answer 2

evolution of at least two species that depend on each other

Question 3

What is the difference between coevolution and evolution

Answer 3

evolution is the change in the environment and coevolution is one specie changes along with the other specie to change in order to adapt

Question 4

What is Allopatric

Answer 4

when two populations of the same species become isolated from each other due to geographic changes

Question 5

What is sympatric

Answer 5

When two species are found in the same territory but are able to split in two different groups

Question 6

How does allopatric occur

Answer 6

when geographic changes happen due to species being isolated from the same specie

Question 7

How does sympatric occur

Answer 7

process of speciation within the same space

Question 8

What are the kingdoms of life

Answer 8

archaebacteria : ancient bacteria;
able to live in harsh conditions.
Eubacteria: rest of the bacteria
Protista : single-celled organisms
Fungi: play lg. role as
decomposers
Plantae: autotrophs
Animalia : heterotrophs
13

Question 9

What is Charles Darwin Theory

Answer 9

The evolution through natural selection, species change slowly over time due to their environment

Question 10

What is adaptation

Answer 10

The process when species become fitted for there environment

Question 11

What is Dwain’s finches

Answer 11

14 species of finches that varied in shape and size of their beak

Question 12

What is primary succession

Answer 12

ecological succession which plants and animals first habitat

Question 13

What is secondary Succession

Answer 13

process of community growth and change after a habitat that is damaged

Question 14

What is difference between secondary vs primary succession

Answer 14

primary succession starts on a barren surface while secondary succession begins in environment that already possess soil

Question 15

What four things determine a niche

Answer 15

availability of sunlight predators, nutrients and terrain

Question 16

Trophic rules

Answer 16

producer, consumer, decomposer

Question 17

Mutualism

Answer 17

both partners benefit

Question 18

Commensalisms

Answer 18

one partner benefits the other one is not helped or harmed

Question 19

parasitism

Answer 19

one partner (parasite) benefits and the host is harmed

Question 20

Mycorrhizae

Answer 20

specialized fungi and roots of plants

Question 21

What is a defense mechanism of a plant

Answer 21

chemicals that are toxic or waxing coverings

Question 22

What is a defense mechanism of a animal

Answer 22

fleeing
Structures: porcupine
Groups: herds
Chemical: skunks
Hide: camouflage

Question 23

What is predator

Answer 23

an animal that obtains food and kills and consumes of other organisms

Question 24

what is a prey

Answer 24

an animal that is caught and killed for food

Question 25

What is species richeness

Answer 25

count or total number of unique species

Question 26

What are examples of ecosystem services

Answer 26

water regulation, food production, freshwater supply

Question 27

What is an ecosystem service

Answer 27

the benefits that are given by the ecosystem for the purpose of maintaining the well-being of humans.

Question 28

What limiting resources

Answer 28

Climate, minerals in soil and salinity

Question 29

What is a fundamental niche

Answer 29

an idealized niche; where it could play a role
if factors such as competition were not present

Question 30

What is a realized niche

Answer 30

actual niche occupied due to restrictions such as: limiting resources, competitive exclusion and resource partitioning

Question 31

What are examples of limiting resource’s

Answer 31

Food availability

Question 32

What is intrepecific

Answer 32

existing or occurring between different species

Question 33

What is intraspecific

Answer 33

is defined as the relationship of competition between organisms of the same species

Question 34

what are the difference between intraspecific and interspecific

Answer 34

Intraspecific refers to interactions between individuals of the same species, while interspecific refers to interactions between two or more species

Question 35

What are deep sea competition

Answer 35

Competition between individuals of the same species

Competition for resources

Competition for food

Question 36

What is competitive exclusion principle

Answer 36

a state in which two species competing for the same resources cannot stably coexist if other ecological factors are constant

Question 37

What is recourse partitioning

Answer 37

process where different species use resources in different ways to avoid competition and coexist in the same ecosystem

Question 38

What is example of resource partitioning

Answer 38

Coral reefs

Question 39

What is genetic variation

Answer 39

the differences in DNA sequences between individuals within a population of the same species

Question 40

What is biodiversity

Answer 40

o the variety of life on Earth, encompassing all living things including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the ecosystems they inhabit

Question 41

What is an example biodiversity

Answer 41

Tropical rainforest

Question 42

What are keystone species

Answer 42

contribute to the success of other organisms, both producers and consumers

Question 43

What is example of keystone example

Answer 43

Grey Wolf

Question 44

why is the otter a keystone specie

Answer 44

Part of a trophic cascade, top down relationship, controlling an herbivore, sea urchin removing the sea otter would take away from the ecosystem services such as hiding spots along with removing oxygen from water

Question 45

Bananas are doomed question off video

Answer 45

Problem with Tr-4 fungal disease, positive monoculture mass production, money negative of monoculture loss the whole crop, solutions crossbreeding, marketing other varieties. Instability