Bio Flashcards
What happens when a RBC (red blood cell) is placed in a dish of pure water that has been distilled of all solutes?
Burst
Adaptive radiation is…
The emergence of multiple lineages from a single ancestral species
The cortical reaction directly functions by
Formation of an impenetrable fertilization membrane
Products of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis are
-NADPH
-ATP
-O2
DNA sequences with HIGHEST melting points are
DNA strands with more Cytosine & Guanine
DNA fragments produced by restriction enzymes can be separated using
Gel Electrophoresis
What do glycosidic bonds and phospodiester linkages have in common?
Formation of water molecules aka dehydration synthesis
What is nitrogen fixation?
Microbial process responsible for conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2)
into ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4)
Thyroxine is
A non-tropic, direct hormone that increases rate of metabolism
Species capable of surviving in dry environments with low water supply that produce highly concentrated urine, which organ is responsible for that?
Long loop of Henle
Ultimate source of energy in ALL living organisms
The light energy from the sun
Excessive bone resorption in osteoporosis can lead to…
Increased calcium levels in blood circulation
Yeast in anaerobic environments will have a presence of
Ethanol
Phospholipid membranes are made up of
Phosphate head and two fatty acids
Which component of the phospholipid bilayer is hydrophilic?
Phosphate head
Most to least permeable via phospholipid bilayer
Most
-Small hydrophobic molecules, like O2, CO2, N2 & steroid hormones
-small uncharged polar molecules , such as: water, urea, glycerol, and NH3
-large uncharged polar molecules, like glucose and sucrose
-ions
least
Are charged molecules/ ions most or least able to diffuse through the permeable membrane?
Least
Similar to cholesterol, found in prokaryotes
Hopanoids
The glycocalyx is made up of
Carbs
Glycocalyx functions
-adhere to cell
-protect from infection
-cover the pl;asma membrane of some animal cells
-acts as a marker for self recognition
NOT FOR STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
Common cell surface markers used regularly for cell-cell recognition?
Glycoproteins
Structural support in the membrane of plants?
Sterols
Microtubules are made up of
TUBULIN
A transmembrane protein is …
-an integral protein
-embedded in the cell membrane
Role of denitrifying bacteria in nitrogen cycle
Coverts nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen or N2
