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Bio Flashcards

1
Q

Glycosidation of lipids is a function of

A

Glycosidation means formation of glycolipid

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2
Q

Which is responsible for quasi fluid nature of plasma membrane

A

The classic fluid nature of plasma membrane is due to lipids

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3
Q

What is the importance of fluid nature of cell membrane

A

The fluid nature of cell membrane is responsible for the cell growth formation of intercellular space secretion endocytosis cell division

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4
Q

Fluid mosaic model was given

A

Given in 1972

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5
Q

During plant the formation of cleavage occurs centrifugali or centripetally

A

During plant formation occurs from insides so it is centrifugal while in animals it is start as a furo on outside so it is centripetal

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6
Q

Function of chloroplast

A

Trapping of light energy

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7
Q

Function of chromoplast

A

Chromoplast includes fat soluble cartonoids and xanthophils these gives the part of plant yellow ,orange or red colour

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8
Q

Function of leucoplast and their colour

A

Leucoplast are colourless with varied shapes and sizes

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9
Q

Amyloplast store and eg
Elioplast store
Aleuroplast

A

Amyloplast store starch carbohydrate, eg potato.
Elioplast store oips and fat
Aleuroplast store protein

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10
Q

Nucleolus is a site for synthesis of

A

R rna

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11
Q

Main function of stem

A

The main function of stem is to spread out branches bearing leaves flowers and fruits

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12
Q

Cork cambium other name

A

Secondary cortex trick is present of” d “so phelloderm is for sec cortex and for cork cambium it will be phalogen

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13
Q

In monocot is stem which vascular bundles are bigger

A

Peripheral vascular bundles is smaller than Central place

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14
Q

Which is known as organelli within an organelle

A

In eukaryotic cells, 80 S ribosomes (organelles) are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER) which is an organelle. It is also present in the organelles: chloroplast (in plant cells) and mitochondria. Thus ribosomes are called organelles within the organelle.
Hence Ribosome is an organelle within an organelle.
So, the correct answer is ‘Ribosome

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15
Q

Things common in mitochondria and chloroplast

A

Presence of circular double standard DNA molecule and ribosomes but rna is specifically present in mitochondria

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16
Q

The total volume of air which a person can exhale buy force full expiration after a normal inspiration is called

A

Expirratory capacity
Whenever normal inspiration or normal expiration comes go for capacity

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17
Q

Partial pressure of exhaled air versus partial pressure in alveoli

A

Exhale air 116
Alveoli 104

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18
Q

Serious lung damage accompaning fibrosis in upper part of lung is seen in people suffering from

A

Pnumoniaconiosis due to chronic called dust exposure

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19
Q

Protein coated fat globules are formed in

A

They are formed in epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa

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20
Q

Example of cofactors where a CO factor is a coenzyme

A

Coenzyme nicotinamide adinine dinucleotide NAD and nadp contains vitamin niacin

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21
Q

The uniform contact of all epithelial cells with food is maintained by contraction of smooth muscles in muscularis layer which is controlled by

A

Myantric plexes

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22
Q

Feces in rectum initiate – reflex causing erge for -

A

Feces cause neural and erge is defecition

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23
Q

Synthesis of enzyme precursors for lysosome done by

A

It is done by rough endoplasmic reticulum

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24
Q

Orginalli involved in b oxidation

A

Glyoxysisomes

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25
Q

Single membrane bound minor vesicle rich in peroxide destroying enzyme and involved in photorespiration

A

Peroxisome

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26
Q

Lysosome is single membraneous or double members

A

Lysosome is single members and chloroplast and mitochondria are double members

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27
Q

Ribosome membrane system

A

Ribosome is non membrane bound organelle

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28
Q

Nucleus contains membrane

A

Nucleus and closed by nuclear envelope a double membrane system with nuclear pores

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29
Q

Meristem which occurs between mature tissue

A

Intercalary meristem

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30
Q

The meristem which occurs in the mature regions of roots and shoot and produce Woody access

A

Lateral ,secondary meristem

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31
Q

The outer wall of guard cell – and the inner wall of guard cell dash towards stomatal for

A

The outer walls of guard cells away from stomatal pore are thin and the inner walls towards the stomatal pole are highly thickened

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32
Q

Conjunctive tissue is present in

A

Conjunctive tissue is present only in roots

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33
Q

What does bark represent

A

Bark represent the tissues exterior to vascular cambium including secondary phloem, periderm

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34
Q

what is tylosis.

A

Tylosis is the out growth of xylem parenchyma into the vessels causing a vessels
When this thing happen in phloem it is called tylosides

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35
Q

What does veins represent in dicot leaf

A

Vascular system include vascular bundles which can be seen in veins and midrib

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36
Q

The size of vascular bundles dependent on which in dicot leaf

A

The size of vascular bundles are dependent on size of veins

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37
Q

When buliform cells are fleced what happens and when beliform cells are terged what happens

A

When buliform cells are targeted the leaf surface is exposed. When will it form sells are flashed due to water is stress they makes the leaves inwords to invoice water loss

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38
Q

Of peridam layer which layer is not formed after re differentiation

A

Phalogen means cork cambium is formed after the dedifferentiation not redifferentiation

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39
Q

In dicot root the origin of cock cambium is due to

A

It is due to the didefferentiation of pericycle

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40
Q

What does Stele includes

A

Stele includes tissue under endodermis

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41
Q

In which stage of mitosis metacentric chromosome clearly appears as v

A

Anaphase

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42
Q

Iron used in hemoglobin

A

Fe+2

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43
Q

The oxy hemoglobin dissociation curve fetal and maternal hemoglobin r

A

The oxy hemoglobin dissociation curve for fetal and maternal hemoglobin both are sigmoid but the oxymyoglobin
Graph is hyperbola

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44
Q

In fetal and maternal hemoglobin whose p50 value is lower

A

Fetal blood has less p50 value
Less p50 value means more efficiency

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45
Q

Carbon and hydrogen are relatively more abundant in

A

Carbon and hydrogen are relatively more abundant in living organism as compared to earth crust

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46
Q

For peroxides and catalyse the cofactor is

A

For both peroxides and catalyse the cofactor is a prosthetic group known as heam and it is a part of active site of enzyme

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47
Q

What does peroxides and catalyse do

A

Peroxides and catalyse breakdown hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

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48
Q

What does bile contains

A

Bile salt contains blirubin, believerdin ,bile salts, cholesterol , phospholipid etc no enzyme

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49
Q

How many enzymes needed to convert glucose into pyrik acid c3h4o4

A

10 enzymes

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50
Q

The site is well presents of food gastric and intestinal secretions along with muscular activity stimulated by

A

These are stimulated by neural signals

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51
Q

Which centre in brain is highly sensitive to CO2 and hydrogen and concentration and when increase in the substance signal to respiratory rhythm centre

A

The centre at the centre respiratory these in centre that is also present in medulla

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52
Q

What does pneumatoxic centre do

A

It can moderate the function of respiratory rhythm centre by reducing the duration of inspiration and altering the respiratory rate

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53
Q

Lapedopterons includes

A

It includes tobacco Budworm. army war

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54
Q

Coleopterons

A

Beetals

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55
Q

Dipterans

A

Flies and mosquito

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56
Q

Cry gene

A

Bt toxin incoded by cry gene

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57
Q

When first insulin was prepared

A

1983

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58
Q

SCID full fomr

A

Severe combined immuno deffeciency

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59
Q

Methods to cure ADA temprsry

A

These methods includes 1 bone marrow transplantation

2 enzyme replacement therapy in which function Ada is given to patient by injection

3 a functional CDA is incorporated into lymphocytes which are return to patient all are temporary

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60
Q

Which is used to detect HIV in suspected AIDS patient

A

PCR technique

61
Q

Name four diseases for which transgenic models exist

A

Cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer

62
Q

Who disprove theory by hypocrites

A

William Harvey

63
Q

Typhoid all points

A

Merry test is used to test for typhoid
Strained fever 39 to 40 degree Celsius chills
Enter the small intestine through food and water and migrate to other organs
Intestinal perforation and even cause death in serious condition

64
Q

Amoebiasis versis ascaris

A

In amoebiasis the symptoms include constipation abdominal pain and entamoeba remains in large intestine spread through housefly

while in ascariasis symptoms include blockage of intestinal passage muscle pain fever and anaemia internal breeding and it is an intestinal parasite come through

65
Q

One fungal disease

A

Roundworm caused by microsporum tricophyton and epidermophyton

66
Q

Disease with symptoms of appearance of dry scaly lessons on various part of the body such as skin

A

Ringworm

67
Q

Allergy is caused by an is treated by allergy is

A

Allergy is caused by leaves of serotonin and histamine from marcel and is treated by giving anti histamine,adrenalin and steroids

68
Q

Trick of platipus

A

P payer paches
L lymph
T tonsil
S spleen

69
Q

Broilers and layers

A

Broilers for meat and layers for egg

70
Q

What is in in breeding

A

Inbuilding refers to the mating of closely individuals within same breed for 4 to 6 generations meeting

71
Q

Advantages of inbreeding

A
  1. Maintain homozygocity
  2. Development of pure lines
  3. Exposes harmful assessive genus that are alimated by selection
  4. Help in accumulation of superior jeans and elimination of less desirable jeans
72
Q

Hisardala eg of

A

It is an it is an example of cross breeding

73
Q

To induce super ovulation what type of hormone is injected in the moet

A

To induce super ovulation fsh activity like hormone is used to introduce super ovulation and molecular maturation

74
Q

When the fertilized eggs are transferred to the surrogate mother in moet

A

The fertilized at at the stage of 8 to 32 cell stage

75
Q

Root of any breeding program is

A

Genetic variability

76
Q

Agriculture accounts for approximately – percent of India GDP and employees nearly – percent of population

A

32% of India GDP and 62% of population

77
Q

And during period 1960 to 2000 wheat production increased from dash to dash

A

During this period wheat production increased from 11 million turns to 75 million tons

78
Q

Rice production increased from in period from 1960 to

A

Rice production increase from 35 million times to 89.5 million times

79
Q

Where the semi dwarf variety of wheat was developed and what was their substitute in India

A

Semidwarfl variety of wheat was developed by, E bourlog,
At international centre for wheat and maize improvement in Mexico .
In India sonalika and Kalyan Sona are the substitute for this
1963

80
Q

Semi door variety of rice was developed in which country and their substitute in India

A

Semi dark variety was developed from ir8 developed at international rice research institute Philippines and tichang naive1.
Jaya and Ratna award developed in India

81
Q

Before breeding for disease resistance two things to consider

A

Two things to consider includes causative organism and mode of transmission

82
Q

Disease caused by fungi

A

Brown rest of wheat red rot of sugarcane and late blight of potato

83
Q

Disease by bacteria for plants

A

Back black rot of crucifers

84
Q

Mutation breeding is induced by which radiation

A

Induced by chemicals and radiation like Gamma radiations

85
Q

Prabhaani Kranti was developed

A

Pramanikramanthi vas d developed version of a Abel moscow’s escalantus there is bhindi to to resist yellow mosaic virus

86
Q

Example of mutation breeding

A

Mung bean resistant yellow mosaic virus and powdery milde were introduced by mutation

87
Q

The variety of maize that was developed in 2000 has twice the amount of Amin acids named

A

Lysins and tryptophan

88
Q

What is the special about Atlas 66

A

Variety of wheat with having high protein content

89
Q

Soma clones are used in following food plants

A

Tomato banana apple

90
Q

Scientist succeed in cultivating meristem

A

Banana sugarcane potato

91
Q

Lactic acid bacteria increases which vitamin

A

Lactic acid bacteria increases vitamin b12

92
Q

Actual power of antibiotics were developed by

A

Fluory and Alexander,
fleeming who discovered antibiotics
Awarded by Nobel prize in 1945

93
Q

Function of streptokinase, cyclosporine and statins

A

Streptocinous is developed from its streptococcus bacteria and is genetic engineer to form to use as a cloudbuster in blood.
Cyclospony is taken from tricoderma polys forum and is used as an immunosuppressant in organ transplant patients.
Statins obtained from monasters perpurious is used as a competitive inhibits the cholesterol creating enzyme it is a blood cholesterol lowering agent

94
Q

In India biogas development was mainly

A

Disha developed by Indian agriculture research institute and khadi and village industries commission,kvic.

95
Q

Which enzyme you used as tissue plasmogenic activator

A

Streptinase

96
Q

Mithenogen is not found in
1. Rumen of cattle
2.gobar
3. Activated slugde

A

Activated sledge because there aerobic bacteria found

97
Q

What would happen if the oxygen availability to the flox is reduced

A

If oxygen availability reduced in absence of oxygen centre of locks become anoxic means no oxygen then death of bacteria and breakage of flock

98
Q

Example of cow from artificial selection

A

Sahiwal cow in Punjab

99
Q

Cell theory was given in and

A

Cell theory was given in 1902 and buy Satun and bovery

100
Q

Drosophila has what type of determination

A

XX XY HUMAN

101
Q

During sickle cell anaemia which amino acid needed to be created

A

In sickle cell anaemia valin is created instead of glutamine

102
Q

What happens in phenyl kitnoriya

A

In phenyl kitnoriya phenyalonnine hydroxylase enzyme is absent
Due to which phenyl alonine is converted into phenyl pyruvic acid that causes damage to brain and poor absorption by kidney

103
Q

Where the gens for Alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia present

A

For Alpha thalassemia jeans are present on chromosome number 16 while in beta thalassemia hbb gene is present on chromosome number 11

104
Q

In down syndrome which chromosome copies present

A

In down syndrome copy of 21 chromosome that is trisomy is present

105
Q

On what factor reproductive method of organisms depends

A

Depend
1. Internal physiology
2. Habitat.
3. Sevela others

106
Q

Strobilianthias kuntiana flower in which state

A

Karnataka Tamil Nadu Kerala

107
Q

Bisexual animal species name

A

Sponge, tapeworm ,leech, earthworm

108
Q

Other name for game with mother

A

Meiocytes

109
Q

Partnogenesis seen in

A

Rotifers honey bees and some lizards and birds turkey

110
Q

Aa external fertilization seen in

A

Seen in Bony fishes amphibians and algae

111
Q

Common a sexual methods in lower animals

A

Budding and gammule formation

112
Q

Pollen grain size

A

25 to 50 micro Meter

113
Q

How much percentage of pollen grain us a shed at two cells stage

A

40% of pollen grain acid at two celestials

114
Q

Syncarpes means

A

Sync means fused

115
Q

More than one overy example

A

Power
Papaya
Orchid
Watermelon

116
Q

Clistogamous flowers are seen in

A

Oxalic ,centila and commelina

117
Q

False fruits eg

A

Apple strawberry cashew

118
Q

Apomixes seeds present in

A

Astracia, grasses
Mango and citrus _polyembryoni

119
Q

STD symptoms

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease pid, still birth. Infertility rate
Abortions ectopic pregnancy or cancer

120
Q

Who discovered nucleic acid

A

Fredrick mission discovered DNA as acidic material and called it nuclein

121
Q

The name nucleic acid was given by

A

Altman

122
Q

Who proposed Central dogma and what is in it

A

It is proposed by Francis cric
DNA>RNA>PROTEIN

123
Q

In 2002 maize hybrids has what more than the normal

A

Maze hybrid has twice the amount of amino acids lysin and tryptophan

124
Q

Histone proteins made up of

A

Lysine and arginine

125
Q

Viruses in which RNA is a genetic material

A

Tobacco mosaic virus , QB virus

126
Q

Semiconservative nature of DNA was given by

A

Semi conservative nature of DNA was given by Mathew meselson and sthai along with Taylor and his colleagues

127
Q

Number of base pairs in

A

6.6 ×10^9

128
Q

Cell division in e coli

A

18 minutes

129
Q

What is the name of region in e colive where the replication originates

A

These regions are termed as origin of replication

130
Q

What is the location of promoter

A

Promoter is located at 5 prime and of the structural gene the location is specified based on coding strength

131
Q

True or false the substrate for transcription and replication are same

A

Wrong the substitute for transcription is nucleosidetriphosphate while for replication is deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate

132
Q

The precursor of mrna is transcribed by

A

The precursor of mrna that is hnrna is trans tried by RNA polymarese second

133
Q

What happens in capping in telling

A

Incaping methyl guanocin try phosphate is added to 5 prime and of hnrna and on telling adinylate residues 200 to 300 are added in template independent manner

134
Q

Ribosome made up of

A

Ribosome consists of structural RNA and about 80 different proteins

135
Q

Snps count

A

1.4 mullan

136
Q

Coneels Experiment which balanas is small and in less population

A

Balance Catamalus is small and it is in the south Scotland

137
Q

Which are more adversely affected by compression

A

Herbivorous are more red worstly acted by compression than carnivore

138
Q

Parasitic adaptations

A

Loss of sense organs presence of adhesive organs or suckers loss of digestive system and high capacity of reproduction

139
Q

How present past and future are lead to one another

A

By sharing of common genetic material but to wearing degrees

140
Q

Fragmentation is seen in

A

It is seeing in fungi filamentous algae and protonima of mass

141
Q

Manual vs monograph

A

Manual gives useful information for identification of species while monograph give information on one taxon

142
Q

Appearance of dry scaly lessons on various parts of body caused by

A

It is caused by ringworm microsporon Trichophyown epidermophyton

143
Q

Spread of chikungunya is stopped by introducing

A

Gambusia fish

144
Q

AIDS was discovered in

A

1981

145
Q

Method technique utilising x-ray to generate three dimensional image of internal organ

A

Computed tomography

146
Q

Method in which strong magnetic field and non ionising radiations are

A

MRI

147
Q

What is the infection stage of plasmodium for anaphelezs mosquito

A

Gametocyte

148
Q

Repture of RBC causes the release of

A

Hemozoin

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