Bio 120 Exam Flashcards
what is the 3 cell theories?
1) The cell is the basic unit of life
2) All living organisms are made up of one or more cells
3) New cells arise from pre-existing cells
Prokaryotic cells
- simplest organisms
- No sub-cellular organelles
- cell wall outside of plasma membrane
- contains ribosomes
- some have a flagellum
What are the two different types of eukaryotic cell?
Animal cell and plant cells
function of nucleus?
-repository of the (majority) genetic information (DNA)
- serves as a control center
function of nuclear envelope?
controls passage in and out
what does ER mean
endoplasmic reticulum
function of rough er
dotted with ribosomes for protein synthesis
function of golgi apparatus?
-packages and distributes molecules synthesized at one location and used at another
function of mitochondria?
inner membrane has proteins that carry out cellular respiration (ATP)
function of lysosomes
-contain digestive enzymes that can break down many different types of molecules
- help recycle materials and “clean up” damaged or non-functional organelles
function of vacuoles in plant cell?
-help regulate the volume of water inside a cell
- waste collection/ disposal
function of vacuoles in animal cell?
used for storage
function of chloroplasts?
produce energy through photosynthesis
how many membranes does chloroplasts have?
3 membranes, 2 wrap around entire organelle, 3rd from thylakiods
does chloroplasts contain their own DNA?
yes
does chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes?
yes
how many centrioles make up a centrosome?
2
function of centrosome?
organize microtubules
do centrosomes duplicate during cell division?
yes
__ are a key components of chromosome segregation
centrosomes
what is made up of two major types of rigid filaments?
cytoskeleton
what are the two major types of rigid filaments?
-actin filament (proteins)
- microtubule (proteins)
what makes up actin filament?
actin subunits
what makes up microtubules?
tubulin subunits
