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Biology (Will West) 9/19/22 > Bio > Flashcards

Bio Flashcards

1
Q

What are all living things composed of, and also is the smallest unit in biology

A

Cells :I

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2
Q

Who first used the word cell

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

Who was the first person to see and describe microorganisms under a microscope, and thus discovered the hidden world of microorganisms, calling them little beasties

A

Anton van Leewenhoek

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4
Q

Name a German botanist that came to the conclusion that all plants were composed of cells

A

Matthias Scheiden

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5
Q

Name a German Zoologist, that concluded that all animals were composed of cells

A

Theodore Schwann

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6
Q

Who noted that new cells are made from preexisting ones

A

Virchow

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7
Q

What theory includes the following parts: All living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things, and new cells are produced from old cells.

A

Cell theory

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8
Q

What are all living organisms composed of, not cells

A

Organized parts

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9
Q

How do heterotrophs get their energy

A

They consume other living organisms

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10
Q

How do Autotrophs get their energy

A

They make their own food

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11
Q

What do all living organisms have in common

A

They all perform chemical reactions, evolve, respond to their environment, reproduce, share a common history, and maintain a stable internal environment in a process called homeostasis

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12
Q

What is the taking in of food and water

A

Ingestion

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13
Q

What is the breaking down of food into small molecules that can be used by cells

A

Digestion

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14
Q

What is the movement of materials inside a cell

A

Cyclosis

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15
Q

What is the breaking down f glucose into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a form the cell can use

A

Respiration

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16
Q

What is the usage of energy from foods to form new cell parts, through growth and repair

A

Biosynthesis

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17
Q

What is the removal of liquid waste from the cell called

A

Excretion

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18
Q

What is the removal of solid waste from cells called

A

Egestion

19
Q

What maybe sexual or asexual

A

Reproduction

20
Q

What is it called when you respond to a stimulus

A

Irritability

21
Q

What is a substance made in one place, but used in another

A

Secretions

22
Q

What separates internal chemical reactions of the cell from the external environment and is made up of mostly lipids and proteins

A

The cell membrane

23
Q

What is the nucleus filled with

A

Nucleoplasm

24
Q

When the cell is not divided, what form is DNA in

A

Chromatin

25
Q

When the cell is dividing, what form is the DNA in

A

Chromosomes

26
Q

What manufactures the subunits that make up ribosomes

A

The nucleolus

27
Q

What controls protein synthesis and the activities of the cell

A

The nucleus

28
Q

What are all the proteins of cells made by

A

Ribosomes

29
Q

What is the internal membrane system known as

A

The endoplasmic reticulum

30
Q

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum covered with

A

Ribosomes

31
Q

How many ribosomes does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum have

A

None, it’s used to make lipids

32
Q

Where are the proteins produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum transported

A

The Golgi apparatus

33
Q

What is the purpose of Golgi bodies

A

To modify, sort and package the proteins that have arrived from the endoplasmic reticulum

34
Q

What are small spherical sacs that are surrounded by a single membrane

A

Vesicles

35
Q

What bud from the golfing apparatus and are filled with very strong digestive enzymes

A

Lysosomes

36
Q

What destroys old organelles, is surrounded by a thick membrane and also helps to destroy any debris that may build up inside the cell

A

Lysosomes

37
Q

What breaks down alcohol, and kills bacteria, producing hydrogen peroxide as a result. They also break down fatty acids which can be used by mitochondria as an energy source

A

Peroxisomes

38
Q

What stores water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates

A

Vacuoles

39
Q

Who’s pourpose is cellular respiration, and has its own DNA and Carrie’s out replication

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

What is a network of protein tubes and fibers that hells the cell to maintain its shape

A

The cytoskeleton

41
Q

What are the two types of fibers found in the cytoskeleton

A

Microfilaments and microtubes

42
Q

What helps cells to move

A

Microfilaments

43
Q

What’s functions are maintaining cell shape, the separation of chromosomes during cell division, and the formation of cilia and flagella.

A

Microtubes

44
Q

What organizes microtubes, and are shaped like two short cylinders found in the nuclear membrane

A

Centrioles

Biology (Will West) 9/19/22 (1 decks)

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