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Bio test Fri 18th of march > bio > Flashcards

bio Flashcards

1
Q

ball and socket joint

A

a joint in which the round end of one bone fits into the “cup” of another

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2
Q

hinge joint

A

a joint that moves like a door (open and close)

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3
Q

pivot joint

A

One bone rotates over the other like in your neck and arm

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4
Q

ellipsoidal joint

A

All your vertebrae rub together and bones that rub together

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5
Q

Specialised cells

A

Cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function

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6
Q

cells differentiate to become specialised by

A

changing shape, subcellular structures develop

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7
Q

sperm, nerve, muscle

A

specialised animal cell examples

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8
Q

tissue

A

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

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9
Q

different tissues working together

A

organs

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10
Q

organs working together

A

organ system

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11
Q

organ systems working together

A

organism

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12
Q

cell

A

Basic unit of life

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13
Q

carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant

A

xylem

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14
Q

carries nutrients and food from place to place inside the cell

A

phloem

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15
Q

air sacs

A

groups of alveoli in the lungs where gas exchanges happen.

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16
Q

alveolus

A

small, round pocket that is grouped with other alveoli to form air sacs in the lungs. The plural is alveoli.

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17
Q

breathing system

A

the organs that move air in and out of your body. Also called the respiratory system.

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18
Q

bronchus

A

tube that connects the windpipe to the tubes in the lung that go to the air sacs. Plural=bronchi

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19
Q

cilia

A

small hairs on the surface of some cells

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20
Q

diaphragm

A

Sheet of muscle under the lungs. It makes your lungs bigger when it moves down.

21
Q

exhale

A

to breathe out.

22
Q

gas exchange

A

taking carbon dioxide out of the blood and getting oxygen into the blood

23
Q

inhale

A

to breathe in

24
Q

mucus

A

sticky liquid that trap dirt and microbes and helps carry them out of the lungs.

25
Q

trachea

A

tube that carries air into and out of the lungs. Also called windpipe.

26
Q

breathing

A

air moving into and out of the lungs.

27
Q

how does gas exchange occur

A

by diffusion

28
Q

how are the lungs adapted to allow for gas exchange

A

high surface area
large blood supply
damp
1 cell thick thin borders

29
Q

aerobic respiration equation

A

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

30
Q

Anaerobic respiration equation

A

glucose → lactic acid (+ energy released)

31
Q

Respiration

A

Process in which energy is released from our food

32
Q

Lungs

A

The organ where gas exchange happens

33
Q

The gas we take in enters our

A

blood

34
Q

the gas is used with ___ in the cells to release ____

A

sugar, energy

35
Q

functions of skeletons

A

they support the structure of body and produce blood cells and they protect vital organs.

36
Q

The marrow allows the production of _______

A

white and red blood cells

37
Q

A joint is formed when

A

two or more bones are joined. Joints allow movement around a point. E.g fixed joints.

38
Q

Hinge joint

A

works like a lever
allows movement of muscles
antagonistic muscles

39
Q

B&S

A

rotate 360 allow a lot of flexibility

40
Q

pivot joints

A

rotate around eachother 360

41
Q

tendons

A

stiff which allows muscle to pull up on bone

have to be tough to hole powerful muscles to strong bones

42
Q

ligaments

A

they are stretchy and elastic
connect bone to bone
if stiff they would snap everytime we bent a joint

43
Q

cartilage

A

strong and spongey
found around the end of a joint
when one has arthritis, the end of the joints grind together when moved

44
Q

synovial fluid

A

found in the space between the ends of bones in a joint
acts as lubricant
essential when doing exercise because a lot of pressure is put throughout the joint.

45
Q

antagonistic muscles

A

muscles that work in opposite ways together eg bicep tricep quadracep hamstringu

46
Q

co2 from capillaries

A

move to alveoli

47
Q

respiratory system

A

organs and tissues help you breathe

carry out waste gases like co2

48
Q

the muscles between the ribs ___. This causes your ribcage to ____ and out the heart. When the diaphragm muscles contract, it lowers and flattens. this causes the volume inside the chest to _____. Therefore the pressure ____. Air moves into your chest.

A

contract,lift up, increase, decreases

Bio test Fri 18th of march (1 decks)

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