Bio 110 Flashcards
What is radiobiology a study of?
Ionization radiation on biological tissue
Early effect of radiation can occur within…
minutes or days after exposure
Late effect of radiation can occur within…
months or years
Radiation protection practices are set and assumes that small dose is….
harmful
what molecule is abundant in human body and plays an important role in delivering energy to target molecule?
Water
What macromolecule is rarest and most critical and radiosensitive?
Nucleic Acid
What organelle provides channels for nucleus to communicate with Cytoplasm?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What organelle does the protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
Which part of the cell is more radiosensitive than the cytoplasm?
Nucleus
What, inside the nucleus, is the most radiosensitive target molecule in the human cell?
DNA
what does the DNA give its messages to?
RNA
what is the act of cell or cells reproducing + multiplying ?
Cell Proliferation
at what phase of mitosis does the damage from the radiation can be seen?
Mitosis
undifferentiated, precursor, or stem cells are the alternative names for….
Immature cells
When are cells most radiosensitive?
when they are multiplying
What cells are radiosensitive and what cells are radioresistant, according to Bergonie and Tribondeau
Stem cells = sensitive
Mature cells= radioresistant
younger tissues and organs are….
rad sensitive
tissues with HIGH metabolic activity are…
rad sensitive
what law is the governing body for ALARA?
Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau
what does Linear Energy Transfer measure?
the amount of the ionization radiation that travels through the pt tisse
What occurs when LET increases?
Biologic response increases
Means of measuring amount of damage caused by equal amount of different type of radiation is…
Relative Biologic Effectiveness
RBE is _____ to LET
directly Proportional
____kVp is standard against which all other forms of radiation are measured.
250
How do you lessen the effectiveness of radiation?
stretch the radiation to deliver over period of time
When a dose is delivered continuously at a lower dose rate….
Protracted
When a dose is delivered at same dose rate, but in equal fraction (less effective than protracted)
Fractionated
Recovery = ____+ _____
Intracellular repoar + Repopulation
what is the theory that a little bit of radiation is good for you?
Hormesis
Deterministic radiation vs Stochastic
Deterministic is early response after high exposure
Stochastic is late response from low radiation.
