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Biology > Bio 108 sept oct > Flashcards

Bio 108 sept oct Flashcards

1
Q

What is total magnification?

A

Ocular + Objective

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2
Q

What is water known as due to its properties?

A

Universal solvent

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3
Q

What is the valence of Carbon?

A

4

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4
Q

What reaction synthesizes polymers?

A

Dehydration reaction

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5
Q

What is the central component of proteins?

A

Central carbon

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6
Q

What are the levels of Linnaean classification?

A

Domain, Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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7
Q

What is Plesiomorphy?

A

Shared ancestral trait

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8
Q

What is Darwin’s theory of evolution based on?

A

Traits passed on through natural selection

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9
Q

What does biogeography study?

A

Distribution of species

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10
Q

What traits do we have when developing in the womb?

A

Pharyngeal pouches and post-anal tail

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11
Q

Steps of speciation?

A
  1. Same place 2. Barrier 3. Separation 4. Change
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12
Q

What is genotype?

A

Genetic makeup of an organism

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13
Q

Which property of water allows mammals to cool down by sweating?

A

Absorption of heat

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14
Q

What is a characteristic acquired during an organism’s life?

A

Not passed through genes

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15
Q

What is the criterion for being considered alive?

A

Must be a cell

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16
Q

What causes ocean acidification?

A

CO2 dissolving in ocean

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17
Q

What are the four most important macromolecules for life?

A

Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids

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18
Q

What is hydrolysis?

A

Produces water to break bonds

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19
Q

What type of bond forms between amino acids?

A

Peptide bond

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20
Q

Monophyletic group

A

Ancestor + all descendants

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21
Q

Define Apomorphy.

A

Anynew evolved trait

22
Q

What is ‘Descent with Modification’?

A

Unity of organisms

23
Q

How can we learn about evolution?

A

Fossil record

24
Q

What is biological speciation?

A

Viable fertile offspring

25
Q

What determines the visible trait when dominant and recessive alleles are present?

A

Dominant always wins

26
Q

What does phenotype represent?

A

Actual name of the genotype

27
Q

What is the synthesis of organic polymers called?

A

Dehydration

28
Q

What kind of isolation is behavioral isolation?

A

Prezygotic

29
Q

Why aren’t viruses considered alive?

A

Not a cell

30
Q

What is being depleted due to acidification?

31
Q

Define a monosaccharide.

A

One sugar (glucose, etc.)

32
Q

Which base is only found in DNA?

33
Q

Analogy

A

Similar traits, different species

34
Q

What is Synapomorphy?

A

Apomorphy in others

35
Q

What did Darwin publish?

36
Q

Why didn’t the cecum mutation kill humankind?

A

Diet change

37
Q

What is temporal isolation?

A

Different reproductive windows

38
Q

What organisms use binary fission?

A

Prokaryotes

39
Q

What process breaks down organic polymers into monomers?

A

Hydrolysis

40
Q

How do vaccines work?

A

Make antibodies

41
Q

What is the effect of acid on coral?

A

Dissolving coral

42
Q

Define a disaccharide.

A

Two sugars (sucrose, etc.)

43
Q

Which bases pair together in DNA?

A

Adenine-Thymine, Cytosine-Guanine

44
Q

Homology

A

Similar traits, common ancestor

45
Q

Define Parsimony in evolution.

A

Fewest evolutionary events

46
Q

What is behavioral isolation?

A

Species-specific mating dances

47
Q

What is heat of vaporization?

A

Heat to evaporate water

48
Q

Define a polysaccharide.

A

Ten or more sugars

49
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

Classifying species

50
Q

What is uniformitarianism?

A

Slow processes over time

Biology (3 decks)

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