BIO 1-3 Flashcards
Four Biological Molecules:
Lipids, Carbohydrates, Proteins and Nucleic Acid
Monomers form polymers through:
Dehydration, loss of a water molecule
Polymers break down into monomers through:
Hydrolysis, addition of water molecule.
Carbohydrates are:
source of energy usually sugars
MONOSACCHARIDES
simple sugar
Glucose is:
fuel, one of the common monosaccharides
Monosaccharides are classified by: (3)
- The location of the CARBONYL GROUP (C=O)
- The position and arrangement
- Size of carbon skeleton
DISACCHARIDES
double sugars
What links 2 monomers together?
GLYCOSIDIC LINKAGE
Examples of disaccharides:
Maltose and Sucrose.
POLYSACCHARIDES
macromolecules
Chitin builds:
EXOskeleton in arthropods
Polysaccharides serve as: (3)
Building material, and storage material
LIPIDS
fats
Lipids are not big enough to be considered:
macromolecules
HYDROPHOBIC
repel water , “scared” of water
Fats are constructed from 2 types of smaller molecules:
fatty acids and glycerol
Is a three carbon alcohol with (-OH) group attached to each carbon
GLYCEROL
Fatty Acid
carboxyl group attached to a cabon skeleton
3 fatty acid molecules are each joined to glycerol by:
ESTER LINKAGE
Ester linkage is formed by
dehydration reaction between hydroxyl and carboxyl group
Resulting fat is called
TRIGLYCERIDE
Most animal fats are ____ , it is ____ at room temp
UNSATURATED, SOLID
has 4 fused rings
steroids
Covalent bond between amino acids are called:
Peptide bonds
A biologically functional molecule made up of one or more polypeptides
PROTEIN