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Charlie's Computing > Binary and Number Systems > Flashcards

Binary and Number Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 Binary Digits?

A

1 & 0

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2
Q

What is the base of the decimal number system?

A

10

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3
Q

What is the base of the binary number system?

A

2

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4
Q

What is the decimal representation of the binary number 10000110?

A

134

The calculation is: 128 + 4 + 2 = 134.

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5
Q

What is the range of decimal values that an 8-bit integer can store?

A

0 to 255

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6
Q

What is the largest binary number that can be held in 8 bits?

A

11111111

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7
Q

What is the binary representation of the number 1 using one byte?

A

00000001

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8
Q

What is the largest number that can be held in two bytes?

A

65535

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9
Q

In binary, what is the term for the least significant bit?

A

LSB

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10
Q

In binary, what is the term for the most significant bit?

A

MSB

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11
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal fraction 0.5?

A

.1

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12
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal fraction 0.25?

A

.01

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13
Q

What does the binary point represent?

A

The position separating the whole number from the fractional part.

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14
Q

How do you store mixed numbers in binary?

A

Allocate an agreed number of bits for each side of the binary point.

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15
Q

What is the two’s complement method used for?

A

Storing negative numbers.

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16
Q

What is the first step in converting a negative decimal number to binary using two’s complement?

A

Take the non-negative number.

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17
Q

What is the binary representation of -66 using two’s complement?

A

10111010

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18
Q

What is the result of adding the binary numbers 00011 and 00001?

A

000100

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19
Q

True or False: In binary subtraction, the second number is converted to two’s complement before adding.

A

True

20
Q

What is the result of binary multiplication 8 x 3?

A

24

21
Q

How do you convert a decimal number into a binary number using the repeated division-by-2 method?

A

Continually divide the decimal number by 2 and record the remainders.

22
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 294?

A

100100110

23
Q

Complete the blank: The binary representation of the decimal number 8 is ______.

A

00001000

24
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 89?

A

1011001

25
Q

What is the process of converting a whole number to binary?

A

Divide by 2 repeatedly, noting the remainders from least significant bit (LSB) to most significant bit (MSB)

26
Q

What is the range of numbers for the practical programming challenge in Python?

A

Between 1 and 15

27
Q

What is the hexadecimal numbering system?

A

A Base-16 system using 16 different digits from 0 to 15

28
Q

Why is hexadecimal preferred for representing long binary values?

A

It is compact and easier to understand compared to long binary strings

29
Q

What are the four main number systems mentioned?

A
  • Natural Numbers
  • Integer Numbers
  • Rational Numbers
  • Irrational Numbers
30
Q

Define floating point numbers.

A

Numbers that contain floating decimal points, such as 5.5 or 0.001

31
Q

What does an overflow condition in floating point numbers mean?

A

A result that is too large to store in the available storage space

32
Q

What does an underflow condition in floating point numbers mean?

A

A result that is so close to zero that its closest representation is zero

33
Q

What is the purpose of floating point numbers?

A
  • Allow a wider range of values to be stored
  • Minimise rounding errors
  • Greater accuracy using a given number of bits
34
Q

What are the two main parts of a floating point number?

A
  • A significand containing the number’s digits
  • An exponent indicating the position of the decimal point
35
Q

Fill in the blank: Hexadecimal uses _______ different digits.

A

16

36
Q

True or False: The hexadecimal system is a Base-10 system.

A

False

37
Q

What is the value of Kibi in binary?

A

1,024

38
Q

What is a significant aspect of normalisation in floating point representation?

A

Maximises precision and allows a unique representation of each number

39
Q

List the symbols and values for the binary prefix Mebi.

A
  • Symbol: Mi
  • Power: 2^20
  • Value: 1,048,576
40
Q

What is the set of real numbers denoted by?

A

ℝ

41
Q

Fill in the blank: An irrational number cannot be written as a _______.

A

fraction

42
Q

What is the purpose of a floating point unit (FPU)?

A

To handle floating point calculations

43
Q

What is the decimal floating-point number format often represented as?

A

Scientific notation

44
Q

What is the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal number 3CF?

A

001111001111

45
Q

Define rational numbers.

A

Numbers that can be written as fractions (ratios of integers)

Charlie's Computing (5 decks)

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