Bile Flashcards
It is golden greenish yellow colored viscous liquid
Daily ranges from 700-1200 ml
Bile
It is converted into bile acids for billary
That transported by ABCG5/G8 into the bile
Cholesterol
Its the third major lipid constituent in bile, It is the major endogenous source of choline
Lecithin
Give the organic constituents of bile
Bile salt
Cholesterol
Lecithin
Bile pigment
They are the coloured compounds. the breakdown product of the haemoglobin.
Bile Pigments (Bilirubin and Biliverdin)
Inorganic Constituents of Bile
Sodium lons
Chloride lons
Potassium lons
Bicarbonate lons
POSITIVE REACTION
It is red color indicates the presence of bile salt
Pettenkofer’s
POSITIVE REACTION
It is a green ring is formed at the junction of two layers indicating the presence of bile salt
Smith’s test
Activity of bile acid can help human body to transfer and absoro tat from food,
Hay’s test
POSITIVE REACTION
present lower the surface tension of urine.
powder is added to the urine, sulfur particles sink to the bottom. normal urine, it Wil Hodt on the surface.
Hays test
When barium chloride is added to urine it combines with sulfate radicals in urine and precipitate of barium phosphate is formed.
Fouchet’s test
POSITIVE REACTION
Oxidation of yellow bilirubin to green bilverdin.
Fouchet’s test
Enumerate the test for bile salts and pigments
Pettenkofer’s test
Smltth’s test
Hay’s test
Fouchet’s test
They are polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.
Proteins
When proteins are hydrolyzed, ________ are produced.
amino acids
Bilirubin is?
Orange yellow in color
Biliverdin is?
Green in color
Color Reactions for Proteins & Amino Acids
Ninhydrin Reaction
Biuret Test
Xanthoproteic Test
Millon-Nasse Test
Hopkins-Cole
Bromine Water Test
Pauly Reaction
Lead Acetate
Sakaguchi Reaction
widely used reaction of the alpha amino group. Its purple colored products
Ninhydrin Reaction
Compounds containing peptide bonds react with alkaline copper sulfate to give violet color complex producis.
Biuret Test
the aromatic rings on the side chains of proteins become substituted with nitro groups.
The nitrated products are yellow, so the solutions becomes yellow
Xanthoproteic Test
Xantho means.
yellow
reaction of the hydroxyphenyl group with the Millon-Nasse reagent (HgSO4)
forming colored (old rose)
Tyrosine, phenol and thymol will
give positive test.
Millon-Nasse Test
The indole group such as is presentin the tryptophan
forming a violet ring appearing in the junction of 2 liquids
Hopkins-Cole
