big to small Flashcards
where is DNA stored in a cell
nucleus
what is the role of mitochondria
carry out respiration
what is the role of chloroplasts
carry out photosynthesis
Which organelles are not found in animal cells but are in plant cells?
chloroplasts, vacuole, cell wall
What is a plant cell wall made of?
cellulose
what is a fungi cell wall made of?
chitin
What is a gene?
A section of DNA that codes for a protein
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46 (23 pairs)
Which is bigger? Tissue or Organ?
organ
What is a tissue?
A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
Which chemical elements are in carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO)
Which chemical elements are in proteins?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen (CHON)
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids
What is the monomer of starch?
glucose
What is the test for starch?
Iodine - orange to blue/black
What is the test for glucose?
Benedict’s - heat - blue to brick red
What is the test for protein?
Biuret test - blue to purple
What is the test for lipids?
Emulsion test - clear to cloudy
What are the 4 bases of DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Which DNA base pairs with cytosine?
Guanine
What is the genome?
The entire DNA of an organism
What are lipids made up of?
3 fatty acids and glycerol
What is glycogen made up of?
Glucose
Do plants or animals have starch?
Only plants
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst in a metabolic reaction
What happens if you heat an enzyme up too much?
It denatures - active site changes shape - substrate cannot bind
What happens if you cool down an enzyme too much?
There is not enough kinetic energy so the number of collisions between substrates and enzymes is too low
Give an example of a pathogen
Bacteria, fungi, protoctist, virus
What is a pathogen?
An organism that causes disease
Which kingdoms are eukaryotic?
Protoctista, fungi, plants, animals
