Big Idea 2 (17-22%)

Question 1

bit / binary digit

Answer 1

shorthand for binary digit and is either
0 or 1.

Question 2

byte

Answer 2

8 bits

Question 3

abstraction

Answer 3

the process of reducing
complexity by focusing on the main idea.

Question 4

analog data

Answer 4

values that change smoothly,
rather than in discrete intervals, over time.

Question 5

digital data

Answer 5

electronic representation of information in a format or language that machines can read and understand.

Question 6

sampling technique / samples

Answer 6

measuring values of the analog signal at
regular intervals called samples

Question 7

binary (base 2)

Answer 7

uses only combinations of the
digits zero and one.

Question 8

decimal (base 10)

Answer 8

uses only combinations of
the digits 0 – 9.

Question 9

place value

Answer 9

determined
by the base raised to the power of the position

Question 10

data compression

Answer 10

can reduce the size (number
of bits) of transmitted or stored data.

Question 11

lossless data

Answer 11

compression algorithms can
usually reduce the number of bits stored or
transmitted while guaranteeing complete
reconstruction of the original data.

Question 12

lossy data

Answer 12

compression algorithms can
significantly reduce the number of bits stored
or transmitted but only allow reconstruction of
an approximation of the original data.

Question 13

information

Answer 13

the collection of facts and
patterns extracted from data.

Question 14

meta data

Answer 14

data about data. EX: the piece of data may be an image, while the metadata may include the date of creation or the file size of the image.

Question 14

meta data

Answer 14

data about data. EX: the piece of data may be an image, while the metadata may include the date of creation or the file size of the image.

Question 15

cleaning data

Answer 15

process that makes the data
uniform without changing their meaning (e.g.,
replacing all equivalent abbreviations, spellings,
and capitalizations with the same word).