Bi 105 Midterm Exam Study Flashcards
Which outside force did Israel choose to become subject to?
The Roman’s or Parthian’s?
They chose the Roman’s with the help of Antipater, the father of Herod. The beginning of the end of another golden age for Israel.
Which language was most dominant before the Roman’s took over?
Greek. They had tremendous impact on the world by teaching the Greek language. In less than a century, almost everyone had forgotten their native language and spoke Greek.
How did the Greek language effect preaching the Gospel?
Made it easier. There wasn’t a language barrier and the gospel could be spread quickly and easily.
Who were the Hellenists?
They were foreign Jews who spoke Greek. This group was different than the Hebrew Jews who lived in Palestine and primarily spoke Hebrew.
Who was the Septuagint Version of the Old Testament made for?
Written in Greek rather than Hebrew and that had given the Hellenists a Bible in the universal language of the New Testament world
Who built the roads?
The Romans
What information can be assessed about the Roman’s building the roads?
God arranged for the Greeks and Romans to inject the common language and roads. This may travel much easier and safer.
This combination also accelerated the spreading of the gospel in the Roman empire and the surrounding regions.
Many of the roads that were built during this era are still being used today.
The Romans were the ultimate legal authority in Palestine. Explain
The Romans did not understand the complexity of issues that were involved in attempting to rule the Jewish culture when they sat out to conquer Palestine. It became the least desirable place to be assigned.
Their motivation for conquering this area was to establish trade routes.
They ruled the trade routes and the shipping lanes.
They viewed Palestine as a difficult to deal with but necessary strategic location.
Why did the Romans appoint rulers in Judea?
Because of the intense loyalty and patronism of the Jews, Rome knew that the Jews would respond better to a Jewish leader. So they appointed Jews to rule in Palestine, although these Jews were indeed Roman loyalists. As the Maccabean family lost its power to Rome another family began to rise in power. The family of Antipater to whom Herod the great was born.
Herod was married to who?
Mariamme who was Maccabean royalty
Who was Herod?
Jewish king appointed by Rome.
How long did the family of Herod rule for in Palestine?
Four generations.
True or false? Herod was of Idumean blood, which is from the line of Edom, the descendants of Isau. 
True
Who were the Idumaean’s?
Conquered by John Hyrcanus and then conformed to the Jewish rite of circumcision and embrace the Jewish religion. They were regarded as suspicious and called half Jews. They were never fully ecceptes
The father of her and the great was instrumental in the Roman conquering Jerusalem and was rewarded with rulership over the area of Galilee. True or false?
True
True or false? Herod ruled Idumea, Samaria, Galilee, and Persia.
True
What was Herod’s passion?
Had a passion for architecture and in trying to win the support of the Jews, which he alienated due to his cruelty, offered to rebuild the temple to its original glory, at least in size.
Why were the Jews suspicious of the motives of Herod and rebuilding the temple?
They thought he was trying to obtain the genealogies kept in the temple in order to wipe out the lineage of the coming of the Messiah.
How was Herod described?
He was exceedingly crafty, jealous, cruel, and revengeful.
He was a king with the disposition of a despot
He had 9 to 10 wives of which he killed his favorite wife Mariamme and her brothers on a suspicion
On his deathbed he ordered one of his sons to be killed five days before he died.
While on his deathbed he ordered all of the prominent Jewish men of the nation to his presence. He shut them up in the hippodrome, surrounded them with soldiers. He then commanded them that when he died that all of the men where to be put to death so that they would be a proper morning for his own death. (This order was not carried out when he died.).
Who was Herod Archelaus?
Appointed by Rome upon his father‘s death.
He only ruled for two years
By the wheel of his father, he was made king. But 50 Jews of prominence sailed to Rome to protest his inauguration
Emperor Augustus refused his royalty and made him a tetrarch, or governor, over Samaria, Judea, & Idemea. Promising that if he proved himself, he would be making over the same area of his father. He failed to do this part
His actions of cruelty and terrorism produce revolts among the people
He was banished to Vienna and gal, modern France, where he died.
His assigned territory was then reduced to a Roman province and placed under the authority of Coponius as procurator
He is referred to once in scripture, Matthew chapter 2 verse 22 through 23. This passage reveals the terror of his nature in rule.
Who was Herod Antipas?
He was the full blooded, younger brother of Archelaus
He was considered to be sly, ambitious, extravagant, and not as capable as his father.
His administration was characterized with cunning behavior and crime, intensely selfish and utterly destitute of principle.
Jesus referred to him in Luke chapter 13 verse 32 “go on and tell that fox, behold I cast out devils“
He ruled from 4 BC to 39 A.D.. In the region of Galilee and Perea as a tetrarch
John the Baptist rebuke into purse for taking the wife of his half brother Phillip, for which he was later martyred.
Approximately six years after the crucifixion of Christ, he was supposed to Spain, with his wife Herodias for treachery. He died there
Add to purse was the Herod that was at Jerusalem when Jesus was brought before pilot.
Here it was very glad to meet Jesus, Home he had that was John the Baptist brought back to life.
Jesus ignored every question that Antipas asked him, making him very angry
It was then that antipas in his men marked and ridiculed Jesus
During this time Antipas and pilate, who had been at odds with each other, became friends.
Who was Philip 1?
He was the half brother of Antipas
he was married to herodious who was also his niece.
 Herodias was a Jew, who is despised by her people for the immorality that she had committed.
He received no territory to rule over because of the supposed treachery of his mother, Mariamme, who was put to death by here at the great
Who was Philip II, or Philip the Tetrarch?
He also was the half brother of Phillip the first.
He ruled from 4 BC - 34 AD
He married a daughter of Herodias, Salome
His area of rule included Batanea, Trachonitis, Auranitis. This was the north eastern area of Palestine.
He was considered the best of the Harrods. The people enjoyed the way he ruled and he was honored at the time of his death.
It was in this territory that Jesus asked the question, “who do men say that I am?“ And begin to teach about the things he would have to suffer
When Philip the second died, his territory was annexed to the Roman province of Syria
What was a Procurator?
Ruled from 6 AD until 41AD AFTER Archelaus was banished.
They were officers of the civil government, governors, rulers…
Pontius pilot was the 5th of the 7 procurators who ruled in the Judean region.
Pontius pilot ruled from 26 to 36AD
He was not a Jew and was not known for hating the Jews.
Less than three times when punches pilot Nearly caused three insurrections among the Jews.
When he moved his headquarters from Caesarea to Jerusalem. The soldiers carried their standards into the holy city and placed it within sight of the temple
When he hung the golden shields in his palace in Mount Zion with the inscription of the names of deities 
When he took redemption money from the temple to build an aqueduct system for the city
He was banished and it is believed that he may have gone insane and committed suicide.
Who was Herod Agrippa I?
A Jewish king appointed by Rome
He was the only Herod since Herod the great to reign over nearly the complete realm of his great grandfather
He married a cousin and ruled from 37/41-44 AD
He was known for being gracious, kind, and having an extra nor airy gift of eloquent speech
He was also known for his manatee, he was the king who died after the people called him a God.
He worked hard to try to please the Jews and was somewhat successful. He is noted for one occasion when the Roman emperor decided to place a statue in the temple at Jerusalem and a grandpa persuaded him to change his mind, adverting an insurrection by the Jews
However, he is also the King Herod who persecuted the church and put James to death and attempt to please the Jews. He would have put Peter to death if the angel of the Lord heading out rescued him from prison.
Who was Antonio’s Felix?
He was the fourth procurator and ruled from 52 to 59 AD
He was a Roman governor
He was a criminal set in by the emperor for some unknown reason
He was cruel and last fall and known for feeling that he is above the law
He persuaded Drusilla, a daughter of the king Herod Agrippa, to for sake her husband and come and live with him which she died.
He was called Jerome because he was unable to keep the Jews at rest
He kept Paul in prison for two years under his reign
Who was Porcius Festus?
He was a procurator.
He was the first one in rule from 59 to 60 to AD
He was a Roman governor
He attended when Paul delivered his speech

Who was Mariamme?
She was of Maccabean lineage
She was executed by her husband
Her granddaughter was Herodias
Who was Herodias?
Granddaughter of herod the great
Sister of herod Agrippa the first
Wife and niece of Herod Philip the first
Wife of Herod Antipas
Who was Salome?
Daughter of Herodias
She asked for the head of John the Baptist at her mothers request
Wife of Philip the second
Who was Bernice?
Her great grandmother was Mariamme
She was thought to have had an incestuous relationship with her brother Agrippa the second
She married polemo, king of Pontus, but shortly there after returned to her brother.
Who is Drusilla?
Her great grandmother was Mariamme
She married a heathen king which was non-Jewish. Antonius Felix
She and her son died during the irruption of Mt. Vesuvius. This was the last of the Herod’s.
Who were the Samaritan Jews?
They were the northern half of Israel’s kingdom in Palestine. Syria forced Israelites to enter Mary. They did not want the best of each group they over took. The us Syrians want it to be the chief dog. The Samaritan Jews were threatened to be killed if they did not enter Mary with the Assyrians. The Samarian’s became a mixed race and now living in the province of Samaria.
How did Babylon handle attacking Judah, and the southern half of the kingdom.
Babylon did not force the Jews of the southern part of the kingdom to intermarry. They did not want to do that. Judah remains as a pure genuine race. They only wanted the best of Judah.
Because they were not forced to inner Mary, the tribe of Judah or of the southern kingdom became prideful and thought very little of Samaritans. They actually prayed that they would never come in contact with a Samaritan Jew.
Which kingdom did the us Syrians overtake?
The northern half of Israel’s kingdom in Palestine.
Which kingdom did the Babylonians overtake?
They over took the southern half of Israel’s kingdom. The tribe of Judah
Zacharias prophecy
 thanksgiving for the Messiah.
Gratitude and Thanksgiving. It hasn’t happened yet that’s why it’s prophetic.
Prophecies about the covenant salvation that was sworn to ancestor Abraham
Turns to the baby and begins to prophesied to John. He will be called the prophet of the most high. Preparing the way for him for the knowledge of salvation and forgiveness of their sins. It’s about John’s ministry. John needed to focus on sin. Jews that they were saved just because they were Jews
What are the three marriage process steps for a Jewish culture
Engagement.
Arranged by the parents.
Official but not binding this takes place when they are children. Marriage is too serious to have emotional involvement
Betrothal.
 legally binding but not relational.
Legally but not physical. They can make an appeal to their parents, if they don’t want to marry them. But the parents still have the opportunity to choose. Only a document of divorce can break the binding. The bride price had to be paid. A written contract/deed had to be made. Has-beens promises, duties to his wife and money that would be designated to the wife in the event that there was a divorce upon his death. Ages for the girls was usually between the ages of 13 and 14 years old. When they entered puberty. For Jewish boys it was the ages of 18 to 19. For Greeks men the age of 30. The total usually lasted one year considered to be legally married and at this point if the man dies she would be a widow. During the year long betrothal, they would prepare gifts, home arrangements. By this time, if the valves was broken it was punishable by death. Stoning. Mary could have been stoned to death, but Joseph declined this because he was a righteous man.
Marriage
Legally binding and consummated relationally.
The proper wedding. Normal state. Marriage estate of humanity. Preparation for the wedding usually takes one year. Bride would be prepared by bathing, anointing, clothing, and special adornment by her female companions and relatives. Celebration of the wedding usually last seven days. She would be escorted from her fathers house to the grooms house in the evening torchlight. They would have a parade. Celebrating song, dance, and with musical instruments. In the evening torchlight. When the bride groom would come to the brides house to get her, then she would be escorted back to his house to come make the vows. Check out the Cambodian culture. In the wedding proper, introduction of the bride into the grooms house. Where there was a Hoopa set up. A canopy. Come in under the canopy, there would be seven blessings that would be pronounced on the couple. Then the marriage contract was red then there would be seven days of festivities.
Who was Elizabeth?
One of the daughters of Erin. A priest could only marry a woman of pure Jewish lineage according to the Leviticus chapter 21 verse seven through 14. Specific to the tribe of Levi. John the Baptist was a daughter of a priest and a pure Jewish lineage. Due to the factors their marriage was very respected.
Baroness equals a reproach, even nowadays. People can still view them with this kind of an outsider approach. God can still use the bad in our life to bring about blessing
Who is Zacharias?
 The father of John the Baptist. A priest. Descendent of Aaron. Section of Abijah, at the times of Christ, there were about 20,000 priests.
Gabriel and Mary contrast.
Nothing is impossible with God, faith is agreeing with God, Mary gives up self interest, Mary is practically minded and full of faith, Mary’s greatest joy will be her greatest task, and God‘s choosing there is both a crown of joy in a crowd of sorrow, and when God chooses you, he uses you.
Mary’s visit to Elizabeth
The principle of confirmation. Confirmation of the angels word. She goes to check out her on’s pregnancy. She begins to prophesy and Elizabeth begins to prophesied to Mary before she talked about herself. From Nazareth to the hill country of Judea is about 100 miles
Zacharias in the angel contrast
The sign that Zacharias received was that he would not be able to speak until the prophecy had come to pass. He was a descendent of Erin. He was chosen by a lot and it was a once in a lifetime opportunity. He was the celebrant priest of the week. Not the high priest. Every morning and every evening sacrifices were made for the entire nation. On the altar of incense, every morning and every evening the people prayer requests and repentance of their sins would be taken in and burn on the altar of innocence and if they were excepted, the priest would come out and give them a blessing. But if he didn’t come out, it wasn’t a good thing. Once a year on the day of atonement, the high priest would go into the most holy place and sprinkle blood on the mercy seat.
Names for children in Jewish culture
The fathers name was most given to the firstborn son to keep the family lineage of understandable.
Often described the child. To reflect the parents joy. Sometimes it reflected the parents faith like Elijhaa name means Jehovah is my God. His parents stepped out in a godless culture to declare that Jehovah is my God.
Zachariah asked for a writing tablet which consisted of a block of wood that would have layers of melted wax to cover it then he used a small metal stylus to write until this tablet. Then when the tablet was to be changed they were just melt the wax and right over the old. They gave him a different name and his dad was healed.
Joseph and the angel
Joseph could have divorced Mary because she was found to be with a child. Joseph desires to divorce quietly and Joseph turned it over in his mind repeatedly. Then an angel of the Lord appears to him. And Angel appears to Joseph in a dream. Tell him to take Mary as his wife. Joseph responds in obedience to do what is asked of him.
The birth of Jesus.
Significance of the birthplace. Fulfilled prophecy. Covenant connection with David. Humble place. Bethlehem name means “House of bread” Jesus is the bread of life. Manger is the place where they were to be fed.
Angels and shepherds
Shepherds where I despise trade. Nomadic, dishonest, thieving, and unable to keep the details of the ceremonial law. If they saw the sheep wandering around they would just take it into their fold without saying anything. They couldn’t keep up with the ceremony or loss such as washing their hands to be holy. Got announces his son’s arrival to the lowly things of this world.
Circumcision
Received his name, done on the eighth day of a newborns life, Abrahamic covenant. Redemption of the firstborn. Firstborn should be the priest of the home.
Redemption of the first born
God let them keep their first born swing Egyptian firstborn’s died. The Passover. God’s family, priesthood intention. Firstborn represents that all belong to God. God’s grace his power and giving life witnessed. Jesus understands the challenges of life.
The purification after childbirth
And clean for 40 days if she has a boy or 80 days if she has a girl
Childhood of Jesus
Simeon: Had no dreams of violent revolution , of power, or of an army with banners. Believed in a life of consistent prayer, and quiet watchfulness until God would come. Waited quietly and patiently on God all his life. Simon remains Mary of Christ crown of joy and cross of sorrow.
Anna: she was known for not being sorrowful or a growing bitter. She was old but never cease to help. When the word came to her, she was ready to do and go along with the message.
Wisemen: astrologers from the east, possibly Persia. They probably came into the city with their own followers. Following a star. Others in the land who were following them believed in the stars. Modern astronomers the stars they believe that the planet was Jupiter. It was considered to be a regal. The fact that it appeared in the east and Aries had further significance. Aries was considered a symbol of Julia. The gift that were offered we’re probably what help them in their finances wow going to Egypt. The Lord told Joseph that they would need to to go to Egypt.
Gentle magi come looking for Jesus for the Christ. While Jewish leaders reject him. Gods men manner of confirmation will not always follow religious protocols and expectations. The visit of the magi prompted her it’s killing of young male children. This is a display of the seat of the serpent attacking the seat of woman.
