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Skeletal System > Bfi > Flashcards

Bfi Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary is composed of?

A

Hair, nails, and glands

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2
Q

Protection

A

Underlying tissues from physical damage, ultraviolet rays, and pathogenic invasion

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3
Q

Body temp maintenance

A

Skin contains sweat glands that secrete fluid in the form of perspiration

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4
Q

Excretion

A

During perspiration, the sweat glands flush small amounts of waste products composed of water, salt, and organic compounds out of the body

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5
Q

Organic compounds

A

The chemical compounds that make up living organisms

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6
Q

Tactile receptors

A

Receptors for touch

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7
Q

Perceptions of stimuli

A

Sensations of pain, temp, pressure, and touch

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8
Q

Epithelial

A

Cover the surface of the body and also line internal organs and cavities

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9
Q

Mucous membrane (epithelial)

A

Protectively lines any body cavity that opens to the outside world (nasal passage)

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10
Q

Epidermis is made up of?

A

Keratin (fibrous, water-repellent protein)

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11
Q

Soft Kertain

A

Primary substance of the epidermis

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12
Q

Hard Kertain

A

Found in nails and hair

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13
Q

Melanocytes (special cells;epidermis)

A

Contain and produce dark brown-black pigaments called melanin

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14
Q

Melanin

A

Responsible for the skins pigmentation, or color; helps protect skin against the sun

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15
Q

Upper layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

Stratified

A

Arranged in strata, or layers

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17
Q

Squamous

A

Scaly

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18
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Continuously sloughed off, or shed, and replaced by new cells beneath them

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19
Q

Dermis is also called?

A

Cerium

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20
Q

Dermis is made up of?

A

Connective tissue, blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sweat glands

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21
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Tiny glands in the skin that secrete sebum

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22
Q

Sebum

A

An oily substance, into the hair follicles; lubricates the skin and hair; contains lipids

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23
Q

Hair follicles

A

Tiny secretory cavities from which hair grows

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24
Q

Connective tissues

A

Conserved of collagen (most abundant protein in the body); gives skin shape, strength, and elasticity

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25
Q

Collagen (“glue”)

A

Fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments; tough and resistant but also flexible’ support and protect then blood and nerves vessels that passed through the dermis

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26
Q

Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)

A

Connects the skin to the surface muscles; composed of lipocytes; provides heat insulation and protects the deeper tissues of the body

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27
Q

Lipocytes

A

Manufacture and store fat

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28
Q

Accessory Organs of the Skin

A

Glands, hair, and nails

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29
Q

Glands (1st)

A

a group of cells that secrets select substances within or out of the body

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30
Q

Types of glands

A

Sebaceous and sweat glands

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31
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

In the dermal layer of the skin over the entire body besides soles and palms;

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32
Q

Lipids

A

Group of organic compounds that consist of fat, are greasy to the touch, and are insoluble (incapable of dissolving in water); lubricate the skin and minimize water loss

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33
Q

Sweat glands (perspiration)

A

Coiled glands located in the dermis; found almost all exterior body and they terminate in pores; most abundantly in the palms and soles

34
Q

Sweat glands contains what?

A

99% water and 1% salt and metabolic waste products

35
Q

Hair (2nd)

A

Made up of fibers composed of tightly fused, dead proteins cells filled with hard kertain

36
Q

Arrector pili

A

Bundles of very small muscle fibers; causes the hair on your skin to stand erect (cold or frightened); result in goosebumps

37
Q

Melanocytes surround the core of each..

A

Hair shaft

38
Q

Nail (3rd)

A

Made of hard keratin; cover the dorsal surface of the last bone of each finger and toenails cover the superior surface of each toe

39
Q

Nails do..

A

Health disorders result in altered growth and appearance of the nails

40
Q

Nail plate

A

Hard, translucent part of the nail; closely molded to the surface of the underlying tissue

41
Q

Cuticle

A

Narrow band of the epidermal tissue attached to the surface of the nail, at the base and sides of the nail plate

42
Q

Nail root

A

Area of the dermis on which the nail rest; it fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin

43
Q

Lunula

A

Is the semilunar (half-moon-shaped), white area at the proximal end of the nail. The lunula is generally most prominent in the thumbnail

44
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produce pimples on the skin

45
Q

albinism

A

Prevents normal production of melanin, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair

46
Q

Cicatrix

A

A scar left by a healed wound

47
Q

Keloid

A

Abnormally raised, thickened scar

48
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Black and blue purplish bruise caused by ruptured blood vessels beneath the skin

49
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of tissue due to loss of blood supply, followed by bacterial infection

50
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic disease marked by itchy, erythematous skin with silvery patches

51
Q

Vitiligo

A

Loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin, creating milky-white patches

52
Q

Púrpura

A

Purple or brown-ish red rash in which blood leaks from vessels into the skin or mucous membranes

53
Q

Adip/o

A

Fat

54
Q

Jaund/o

A

Yellow

55
Q

Prurit/o

A

Itching

56
Q

Cis/o

A

Cut

57
Q

Itchy/o

A

Dry;scaly

58
Q

Impetigo

A

Bacterial infection of the skin characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions

59
Q

Scleroderma

A

Chronic, progressive disease of the skin marked by hardening and shrinking of connective tissues, which causes edema or pain in the muscles or joints

60
Q

Tinea

A

A skin infection caused by a fungus

61
Q

Antifungal

A

Drug used to fight off fungal infections, such as athletes foot and ringworm

62
Q

Antiviral

A

Drug used to treat viral infections, such as herpes

63
Q

Antipruritic

A

Drug used to inhibit itching

64
Q

Biologic

A

Drug derived from living organism through molecular biology techniques

65
Q

Corticosteroid

A

Drug used to treat skin conditions linked to autoimmune diseases

66
Q

Immunosuppressant

A

Drug used to treat certain conditions by suppressing the immune system (psoriasis and eczema)

67
Q

Anesthetic

A

Drug that causes a reversible loss of sensation or pain

68
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of damaged tissue and foreign debris to prevent infection and promote healing; common treatment for bedsores and burns

69
Q

Lipectomy

A

Surgical removal of fat below the skin

70
Q

Mohs Surgery

A

Surgical methods of treating skin cancer; think skin las are removed and examined under a microscope

71
Q

Sclerotherapy

A

Injection of a sclerosing medical solution, such as saline, into varicose veins or spider veins

72
Q

Blepharoplasty

A

Plastic surgery of the eyelid; known as lid lift

73
Q

Cauterization

A

Destruction of tissue through the application of heat, cold, or an electrical current; mostly used to remove skin tags

74
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Destruction of abnormal tissues by freezing it with liquid nitrogen; common treatment for warts

75
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Use of abrasive materials (brushes and sandpaper) to remove layers of skin

76
Q

Incisional Biopsy

A

An incision is made into the tissue, and a small piece of living tissue is removed for examination

77
Q

Excisional Biopsy

A

The entire lesion or tumor is removed

78
Q

Alllergy skin test

A

Scratch test (forearm is scratched with tiny needles and a variety of substances are applied to the skin to identify allergies)
Intradermal skin test (different substances are injected into the skin to test for allergic reactions)

79
Q

Biopsy’s

A

Excisional (surgical removal of an entire lesion or tumor)
Incisional (incision; cut into the tissue for removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination)
Exfoliative (living tissue is scraped to be analyzed for bacteria)
Needle (hallow needle is used to remove a core sample of tissue for microscopic examination)
Punch (rotates down through the epidermis and dermis and into the hypodermis layer producing a cylindrical core of tissue)

80
Q

Cancerous lesions

A

Basal cell carcinoma
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Malignant melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma

81
Q

Wart

A

Small, hard benign skin growth caused by a virus (papillomavirus)

82
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by too much liquid trapped in the body’s tissues

Skeletal System (1 decks)

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