Beta Lactam Antibiotics Flashcards
Penicillin : Medications
(narrow spectrum)
G benzatine (IM/IV)
V (PO)
Penicillin : Medications
(broad spectrum)
Amoxicillin (Amoxil) (PO)
Amoxicillin + clavulanate = Augumentin
Ampicillin (PO/IV)
Penicillin : Medications
(anti staphylococcal)
Nafcillin (IM/IV)
Penicillin : Medications
(extended spectrum/antipseudomonal)
Piperacillin taxobactam (IV)
Ticarcillin clavulanate (IV)
Penicillin : Purpose
beta-lactam antibiotic
treats gram + : strep, staph, pneumo
kills spirochetes (syphilis)
Penicillin : Complications
Anaphylaxis
Renal impairment
hyperkalemia
C Diff
yeast infections
pain at IM site
Penicillin : Contraindictions
h/o allergic reactions
h/o kidney dysfunction
Penicillin : Education
wear allergy bracelet
V, amoxicillin, amox-clav- take with food
others: take with water/not juice 1 hr before or 2 hrs after eating
complete entire course
Cephalosporins : Medications
1st gen: cefazolin (IM/IV) cephalexin
2nd gen: cefotetan/cefaclor(PO)/cefprozil
3rd gen: ceftriaxone/cefotaxime (IM/IV)
4th gen: cefeprime (IM/IV)
5th gen: ceftaroline (IV) / ceftolozane
Cephalosporin : Purpose
gen 1 : gram +
gen 2 - 4 : aerobic gram -
gen 5: MRSA
skin infections, bone infections, UTIs, ear infections
Cephalosporins : Complications
-anaphylaxis
-bleeding from cefotetan or ceftriaxone
-thrombophlebitis
-kidney toxicity except ceftriaxone eliminated by liver
Cephalosporins : Contraindications
h/o allergic reactions
renal impairment
bleeding tendencies/taking anticoagulants
seizure disorder
Cephalosporins : Education
PO - take without food, if stomach is upset take with food
IV - dilute with normal saline over 3-5 minutes
NO alcohol
NO calcium with IV
Carbapenems : Medications
Imipenem - cilastatin (IM/IV)
Meropenem (IV)
Carbapenems : Purpose
treat gram + and gram - cocci
treat anaerobic bacteria
pneumonia
peritonitis
UTIs
