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THEORIES OF PERSONALITY > BERINGUEL > Flashcards

BERINGUEL Flashcards

1
Q

Alfred Adler emphasized teleology in his theory primarily because of

A

Fictional Finalism

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2
Q

Alfred Adler emphasized optimism in his theory primarily because of

A

Creative Power

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3
Q

Carl Jung, in his theory, believed that we are all

A

Influenced by our ancestral memories

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4
Q

Humanistic Psychoanalysis is best described as

A

Humans, because of the development of the ability to reason, now begin asking questions about their own existence

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5
Q

According to Jung, ego is considered as the center of

A

Consciousness

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6
Q

According to Erikson, ego is considered as the center of

A

Personality

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7
Q

Forces in Psychology

A
  1. Psychoanalysis
  2. Behaviorism
  3. Humanistic
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8
Q

Bobo Doll Experiment is an example of

A

Observational Learning

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9
Q

Bandura’s concept; You learn from other people’s mistakes

A

Vicarious Learning

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10
Q

Through his utilization of this method, Freud had developed his Free Association Technique

A

Catharsis

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11
Q

According to Adler, children who have a neglected style of life

A

Do not develop the capacity for love as they have not experienced it when they were young

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12
Q

A moment in Jung’s life where he subsequently discovered the personal unconscious and collective unconscious

A

Creative Illness

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13
Q

The fear of one’s own death, as well as the loss of self-sufficiency, loved partners, and friends.

A

Despair

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14
Q

Based on Jung’s archetypes, the hero must always have

A

A tragic flaw

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15
Q

According to Horney when a person feels hopeless about gaining affection, an individual tends to develop

A

Striving for power, prestige, and possession

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16
Q

According to Erikson, the most important activity in adulthood is

A

Procreation

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17
Q

Fixed time
Fixed quantity
Changing time
Changing quantity

A

Fixed-interval
Fixed-ratio
Variable-interval
Variable-ratio

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18
Q

When a guidance counselor also falls in love with the student, this is referred to as

A

Countertransference

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19
Q

When a client falls in love with a therapist

A

Transference

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20
Q

An infant cried because his mother left and went to the kitchen to get his milk bottle. This behavior of the infant is best explained by Piaget through the concept of

A

Object permanence

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21
Q

Repression is referred as the most basic and the mother of defense mechanism becuase

A

Repression is present in all the other defense mechanisms

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22
Q

How is the social interest developed

A

Through the way a child is brought up by the parents

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23
Q

The theory which is built based on observations of young children

A

Object-relations Theory

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24
Q

Superstitious Belief that assumes cause and effect relationship between 2 events that occurred coincidentally

A

Parataxic

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25
Q

Earliest and most primitive experiences of infants

A

Prototaxic

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26
Q

Meaningful interpersonal communication

A

Syntaxic

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27
Q

The only need that can be completely and overtly satisfied

A

Physiological needs

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28
Q

The gap between our ideal self and our self-concept is called

A

Incongruence

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29
Q

The tendency of all matter to reach their highest potential

A

Actualizing Tendency

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30
Q

The tendency of all beings to transform from simple to complex

A

Formative Tendency

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31
Q

The Father of Existentialism

A

Soren Kierkegaard

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32
Q

Existential Psychotherapy

A

Rollo May

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33
Q

Logo Therapy: A man’s search for meaning

A

Victor Frankl

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34
Q

This archetype releases us from feelings of impotence and weakness, and establishes a model for our ideal personality

A

Hero

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35
Q

Based on Humanistic Psychoanalysis these are human needs

A

Transcendence, Relatedness, Rootedness, Frame of Orientation, Self-identity

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36
Q

This is Freud’s last resort in explaining situations that lie beyond individual experiences

A

Phylogenetic Endowment

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37
Q

Adler best explained the preference of women to wear pants instead of skirts through

A

Masculine Protest

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38
Q

The desire to live in the past, to cling in the narrow consciousness of childhood

A

Conservative Principle (Observed during Youth)

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39
Q

Jung’s Tests of Courage

A
  1. Realization of the Shadow

2. Acquaintance with the Anima and Animus

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40
Q

In Fromm’s theory, humans have been stripped of our powerful traits and uniqueness of the individual and the differences in degree when it comes to traits.

A

Acquired the facility to reason

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41
Q

Theorist who emphasized the uniqueness of the individual and the differences in degree when it comes to traits

A

Gordon Allport

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42
Q

Behaviorism

A

Reinforcement is more effective than punishment

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43
Q

“There is nothing new under the sun.” According to Fromm, this is possed by which type of character orientation

A

Hoarding

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44
Q

Studied the condition resulting from the perception that we have no control over our own environment, that there is nothing we can do to change our circumstances

A

Martin Seligman

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45
Q

Children in the concrete operational stage are

A

Able to think logically about objects and events

46
Q

According to Freud, the adult anal character can be best described by

A

Orderliness, Stinginess, and Obsitanancy

47
Q

According to Analytical Psychology, the natural tendency that must be overcome by this particular stage of life is the desire to live in the past and to cling to the narrow consciousness of childhood

A

Youth

48
Q

Sikolohiyang Pilipino is established by

A

Virgilio Enriquez

49
Q

Fear of being one’s best

A

Jonah Complex

50
Q

The theory which emphasized optimism and teleology

A

Individual Psychology

51
Q

This is considered as a metatheory, or a theory about theories

A

Personal Constructs Theory

52
Q

The belief of the child that some characteristics of things doesn’t change even though they may change in appearance

A

Principle of Conservation

53
Q

The baby has fun playing peek-a-boo with the caregiver

A

Object Permanence

54
Q

The belief of the child that things can be undone

A

Reversibility

55
Q

The ability of the child to arrange things according to a quantitative dimension

A

Seriation

56
Q

This theorist believes that a child only forms attachment with one figure, and that this relationship will act as a prototype for all future relations of the child

A

John Bowlby

57
Q

This is the cornerstone of the healthy personality according to Erikson

A

Trust

58
Q

Declarative Memory is under

A

Explicit Memory

59
Q

Along with Freud, this person helped in treating hysteria

A

Jean Martin Charcot

60
Q

Safeguarding tendencies are employed in order to

A

Protect oneself from public disgrace

61
Q

Core pathology of young adulthood according to Erikson

A

Exculsivity

62
Q

According to Eysenck, introverts have

A

High level of cortical arousal, thus having low sensory threshold

63
Q

According to Eysenck, extroverts have

A

Low level of cortical arousal, thus having high sensory threshold

64
Q

Personal Constructs Theory states that

A

People take an active participation in the decision they make in their lives

65
Q

Tying your shoes or riding a bike is an example of

A

Implicit Memory

66
Q

The Stages of Moral Development, proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg.

A
  1. Pre-conventional Morality
  2. Conventional Morality
  3. Post-conventional Morality
67
Q

In the stages of cognitive development, this is the term used when referring to the children’s perception that the whole world revolves around them

A

Egocentrism

68
Q

The neurotic need to be the best mainly because of the attention one could get

A

Neurotic need for social recognition or prestige

69
Q

The stage of psychological development expresses that children should be supported and encouraged when they start helping around the house rather than be scolded and humiliated.

A

Initiative vs. Guilt

70
Q

According to Carl Rogers, this is the idea that people know what will make them happy, they just need to listen to their instincts.

A

Organismic Valuing Process (OVP)

71
Q

Sullivan’s theory emphasizes

A

Friendship

72
Q

Erikson’s theory emphasizes

A

Identity

73
Q

Object-relations theory emphasizes

A

Young Children

74
Q

Allport’s Theory emphasizes

A

Uniqueness

75
Q

According to Fromm, this is the irrational guilt an individual experiences

A

Moral Hypochondriasis

76
Q

Anxiety of the mother passed onto the child (Interpersonal Theory)

A

Empathic Linkage

77
Q

The theorist who best believes that the experience is greater than the truth

A

Rollo May

78
Q

Stretching the blame too thin, you do not know who to blame anymore

A

Diffusing Responsibility (Albert Bandura)

79
Q

This is an unintended meeting with somebody that will change the course of one’s life forever

A

Chance Encounter

80
Q

Events that are unintended and won’t make sense at first

A

Fortuitous Event

81
Q

Often came from families with controlling nature, which gives everything without question

A

Receptive Character Orientation

82
Q

People who exhibit signs of extreme conformity and has “New is beautiful mindset”

A

Marketing Character Orientation

83
Q

These types of people recognize meaning subjectively

A

Introverted Thinking

84
Q

Based on Individual Psychology, when individuals did not successfully solve a problem they have personally created, they tend to rely on this technique instead

A

Excuses

85
Q

Friendships are important even when the other person is imaginary, as it is still a form of interpersonal relations. This is a concept by Sullivan known as

A

Eidetic Personification

86
Q

Short term memory is best retrieved

A

Sequentially

87
Q

Carl Rogers believe that in order for a person to achieve self-actualization, a person must be

A

In a state of congruence

88
Q

The number of objects an average human can hold in the working memory

A

7+-2

89
Q

He believes that the behavior of a person is a product of the situation

A

Walter Mischel

90
Q

This is Sullivan’s equivalent of Klein’s good breast and bad breast

A

Bad mother, Good mother

91
Q

When an infant did not feel loved and cared for and wasn’t able to drink milk when hungry, the infant could develop which of the following according to the stages of psychosocial development

A

Withdrawal

92
Q

This is often manifested by choosing romantic partners who are older than them

A

Incestuous Symbiosis

93
Q

When an individual has love, biophilia, and positive freedom, the individual is said to have attained

A

Syndrome of Growth

94
Q

People with an underdeveloped social interest

A

Live in their own private world

95
Q

When this need is blocked, all five conative needs are threatened

A

Cognitive needs

96
Q

Eysenck hypothesized that genius and creativity is related to

A

Psychoticism

97
Q

What is the most important age group according to Erikson

A

Adolescence

98
Q

What is the most important age group according to Jung

A

Middle Life

99
Q

What is the most important age group according to Sullivan

A

Preadolescence

100
Q

What is the most important age group according to Melanie Klein

A

4-6 Months

101
Q

This is the most useful and constructive defense mechanism according to Freud

A

Sublimation

102
Q

Humans have the tendency to kill a living thing for pleasure. Killing for reasons other than survival is termed as

A

Malignant Aggression

103
Q

Sullivan’s theory rate high in which concept of humanity

A

Social

104
Q

This is the highest stage of cognitive development

A

Formal Operational

105
Q

Under Hindi-ibang tao

A

Pakikipagisa

106
Q

Confrontative Surface Values

A

Hiya, Pakikisama, Utang na Loob

107
Q

The internal aspect of dignity

A

Dangal (Didi)

108
Q

The external aspect of dignity

A

Puri (Pepe)

109
Q

The passionate love in all that is alive is called

A

Biophilia

110
Q

According to Fromm, in order to address human needs…

A

People must give up their individuality

THEORIES OF PERSONALITY (1 decks)

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