Benign neoplasms and reactive lesions Flashcards
What is a neoplasm?
Abnormal growth of cells
What is a gingival sweeling called?
Epilus
What are examples of localised epulis? (gingival swelling)
Fibrous hyperplasia (fibro-epithelial polyp) Pyogenic granuloma Peripheral giant cell granuloma Gingival cysts Bohns nodules (babies and children)
What are examples of generalised epulis? (gingival swelling)
Chronic hyperplastic gingivitis (lots of plaque) Leukaemic infiltration Endocrine related (puberty, pregnancy) Chron's disease Gingival fibromatosis Drug-induced hyperplasia
How would you describe a fibrous epulis and what is it caused by?
Pedunculated or sessile Same colour as normal mucosa Firm Painless unless traumatised Caused by: trauma Dentures/teeth ortho appliances
How does a fibrous epulis present histologically? (hyperplasia)
Overgrowth of fibrous connective tissue
Covered by hyperkeratinised stratified squamous epithelium
How do you manage a fibrous epulis?
Excision, remove cause
Describe the appearance of a pyogenic granuloma
Red/blue/purple vascular growth
Sessile or pedunculated
Rapid growth
Soft, bleeds easily
Which group are pyogenic granulomas common in?
Usually <40 yrs old
Common in pregnancy/puberty - increase in hormones (still need plaque to start the process)
Exuberant response to traumas
What is the pyogenic granuloma caused by?
Trauma: Plaque, calculus, denture, orthodontic appliance
How do pyogenic granulomas appear histologically?
overgrowth of very vascular granulation tissue (endothelial cells and fibroblasts)
What is the management for a pyogenic granuloma?
Excision and remove cause
If pregnant improve OH and excise but may recur
What may pyogenic granuloma lesions progress to if left alone?
Fibrous epilus - fibro-epithelial polyp
