Benign Disease Flashcards
Features of a fibroadenoma?
Young Smooth, firm, highly mobile mass Painless Slow growing "Breast mouse" Often regress after menopause
Presentation of a breast cyst?
- 30-50 years
- Smooth, mobile lump, well-circumscribed (similar to fibroadenoma)
- PAIN possible - worse before menstruation
Presentation of Intraductal carcinoma
35-55 years
Blood-stained nipple discharge
Not usually palpable mass/mammography
Tender or pain
What is mastitis?
Inflammation of the breast tissue (infectious or non-infectious)
Presentation of mastitis?
Tenderness
Redness
Swelling
Systemic - fever, malaise
What is fat necrosis?
An inflammatory reaction to adipose tissue damage.
Diagnosis of intraductal papilloma
Triple assessment:
(1) Clinical assessment - history/exam
(2) Imaging (US, mammography + MRI)
(3) Histology (core biopsy OR vacuum-assisted biopsy)
What will an intraductal carcinoma show on a mammogram?
A filling effect - an area that doesn’t fill with constrast
Management of intraductal carcinoma?
Complete surgical excision –> examine for atypical hyperplasia or cancer
How are mammogram images of a lump graded?
M1 - normal M2 - benign M3 - probably benign M4 - probably malignant M5 - malignant
Presentation of fat necrosis?
Painless, firm, irregular breast mass
Fixed
Skin thickening/dimpling
Possible nipple inversion
Causes of fat necrosis?
Trauma, radiotherapy or surgery
What’s fibrocystic breast changes?
Tissue, ducts and lobules become fibrotic and cystic.
Occur within 10d prior to menstruation and resolves after menopause
Features of fibrocystic disease?
Different areas, usually bilateral:
- lumpiness
- breast pain or tender (mastitis)
- Fluctuation of breast size
Management of fibrocystic breast disease?
(1) Exclude cancer
(2) Manage cyclical breast pain w/:
- support bra
- NSAIDs
- avoid caffiene
- apply heat to area
- Hromonal - danazol/tamoxifen under specialist guidance
