Benign Conditions of Uterus, Cervix, and Endometrium

Question 1

Cervical Ectropion

Answer 1

Columnar epithelium on vaginal side of cervix

Question 2

Cervical ectropion Mx

Answer 2

Change from oetrogen-based hormonal contraceptiives
Cervical ablation (OP cryocautery)
Cervical and lower genital swabs to exclude STI
Smear to exclude (pre)malignancy

Question 3

Cervical stenosis

Answer 3

• Can occur after menopause, cervical canal becomes stenosed/occulded
• oligo/amenorrhoea
• possible infertility

Question 4

Cervical Stenosis Mx

Answer 4

Surgical dilation under USS/hysteroscopic guidance

Question 5

Endometrial Polyps

Answer 5

endometrial proliferation

Question 6

Endometrial polyps Ix

Answer 6

TVUSS
Outpatient Hysteroscopy (OPH) and saline infusion sonography most accurate

Question 7

Endometrial Polyps Mx

Answer 7

May resolve spontaneoulsy

Polypectomy to alleviate AUB, optimise fertility, exclude cancer

Question 8

Endometrial polypectomy

Answer 8

Day case GA
or OP LA
Hysteroscope used to visualise and remove polyp

Question 9

Asherman Syndrome Mx

Answer 9

Surgical breakdown of intrauterine adhesions
NB risks further trauama
Visualised TVUSS, HSG, hysteroscopy

Question 10

Asherman Syndrome

Answer 10

Adhesions form in the uterus post trauma