Benign Breast Cancer Flashcards
What are the four most common type of benign breast disease?
- Fibroadenoma
- Cysts
- Fibrocystic disease
- Duct ectasia
Fibroadenoma:
Describe, presentation, diagnosis & management
Benign overgrowth of one lobule of the breast.
composed of both fibrous and glandular tissue
commonest at age 30. occurs any age up to menopause
presentation: discrete, firm, non tender and highly mobile nodule within breast. some present with multiple fibroadenomas (breast mouse)
Diagnosis: USS usually conclusive, maybe FNA
Management: observation - <5% increase in size, ~25% get smaller/disappear. Or Excised.
Cysts:
describe, Presentation, Diagnosis, Management
Almost always benign. Full with green-yellow fluid. often associated with fibrocystic disease.
Presentation: common in peri-menopausal women
Round, symmetrical lump(s). may be discrete, multiple, can be painful
Diagnosis: aspiration - if non-bloody and lump disappears, diagnosis confirmed. If there’s residual mass/recurrent cyst, mammography to exclude associated tumour.
Management: if not blood stained, reassure pt.
if blood stained, send fluid to cytology/assess lump with mammography & FNA cytology.
Fibrocystic Disease:
Describe, Presentation, diagnosis, Management
most common cause of breast lump in females of reproductive age (35-50). Characterised by overgrowth of ducts and lobules.
Presentation:
- cyclical pain and swelling (peak during menstruation)
- lumpy breasts, mobile lumps
- multiple breast cysts
Diagnosis:
- tripple assessment - fibrocystic disease can progress to carcinoma
Management:
Exclude carcinoma.
Localised pain, relieved by excision.
Diffuse pain, hormone manipulation (bromocriptine - dopamine recept. stimulant to decrease prolatin)
Duct Ectasia (mammary) Describe, Presentation, Diagnosis, Management
Refers ti dilation, scarring and chronic inflammation of mammary ducts. associated with smoking
Presentation:
Commonly in menopause or older.
Lump - hard doughy tender lump beneath or close to areola
Nipple discharge - cheesy, may be green and blood stained
diagnosis:
mammography - dilated ducts
Management:
metronidazole and drainage of acute abscess
Surgery rarely needed.