Benchmarks: Nutrition Flashcards
1
Q
What are the nutrient requirements for Dry cows?
DMI (%BW)
A
Far-Off: 1.6
Close-up: 2.0
2
Q
NEL (Mcal/lb)
A
Far: 0.60
Close: 0.68
3
Q
Crude Protein (CP) % DM
A
Far: 13
Close: 15
4
Q
SIP % of CP
A
Far: 35-40
Close: 30
5
Q
UIP (RDP);% of CP
A
Far-up: 25-30
Close-up: 35-40
6
Q
ADF, %
A
Far-up: 30
Close-up: 24
7
Q
NDF, %
A
Far-up: 40
Close-up: 33
8
Q
Forage NDF, %
A
Far-up: 30
Close-up: 24
9
Q
NFC, % Max
A
Far-up: 30
Close-up: 34
10
Q
Crude fat, %
A
Far-up: 2
Close-up: 3
11
Q
Potassium, %
A
Far-up: 0.65
Close-up: 0.65
12
Q
Nutrient: % DM
Ca
A
1
13
Q
Nutrient: % DM
P
A
0.30-0.40
14
Q
Nutrient: % DM
Mg
A
0.30
15
Q
Nutrient: % DM
K
A
0.65
16
Q
Nutrient: % DM
Na
A
0.07
17
Q
Nutrient: % DM
Cl
A
0.15
18
Q
Nutrient: % DM
S
A
0.2-0.3
19
Q
Lactating cows
DMI (% BW)
A
3.2
20
Q
Lactating cows
NEL (Mcal/lb)
A
0.72-0.74
21
Q
Lactating cows Crude Protein (CP) % DM
A
16-18
22
Q
Lactating cows
ADF, %
A
19-21%
23
Q
Lactating cows
NDF, %
A
Min 28 ; Max 31
24
Q
Lactating cows
Forage NDF, %
A
75
25
Lactating cows
| NFC, % Max
40
26
Lactating cows
| Crude fat, %
6
27
Lactating cows
| Forage: Concentrate
60%:40%
28
How much time cows spend away from the feed bunk?
Maximum 3 hours/day
29
How long should feed be available
>20 Hours/day
30
What should be the % of weigh backs (orts)
2-4 percent
31
How long should cows be in the holding pen and parlor
< 1 1/2 hr per milking
32
What is the 1-2-3 rule?
1: +/- one unit of crude protein
2: +/- two units of ADF
3: +/- three units of dry matter
33
What should the Penn State Separator be for TMR
TMR
top:> 10
middle: > 30
Bottom: < 50
34
What should the all herd be at 150-225 DIM in FE
FE= 1.4 – 1.6
35
What should the 1st lactation be at Peak-225 DIM in FE
1.3 – 1.5
36
What should fresh cows be at < 25 days in FE
1.2 – 1.3
37
What are the problem herds at 150-225 DIM at FE
<1.3
38
What are the field tools of nutrition
* Milk yield changes
* Milk component changes
* Manure appearance
* Grain in manure
* Signs of acidosis
