Benchmark vocab Flashcards
What are the three types of bonds
ionic, covalent, metallic
What are the parts of an atom?
protons, neutrons, electrons
The electrons on the outer level are called?
valance electrons
What bond has an ionic charge?
ionic bonds
What is the smallest particle into which a covalently bonded compound can be divided?
molecule
A diatomic molecule is?
composed of only two atoms
Define chemical bond
an interaction that holds atoms and ions together
What type of element is most likely to gain electrons when it forms bonds?
non-metal
Define malleability, conductivity, ductility
mall- to be hammered into sheets
duct-to be drawn into wires
con- to conduct electric current
4Fe + 3O —– 2 Fe O, What are the reactants and products?
4Fe + 3O is the reactant and 2 Fe O is the product
Give an example of synthesis, decomposition, double displacement and single displacement
syn- Na+Cl = NaCl
decomp- NaCl = Na + Cl
single- AB + C= AC + B
double- AB + CD = AC +BD
Define the law of conservation mass, and law of conservation of energy
energy- cannot be created or destroyed but can be charged
mass- cannot be created or destroyed in chemical or physical changes
What is required to break a chemical bond
energy
What is needed to increase the rate of reaction
increase the tempature
What substances can acids react with to produce hydrogen gas?
some metals
explain what an acid is and and base and list some of their characterisics
an acid increases the number of hydronium ions and it has a sour taste
a base increases the number of hydroxide ions and it has a slippery feel
when you mix a base and a acid it forms?
a neutralization reaction
What are aromatic hydrocarbons based on?
benzene
What type of hydrocarbon does a double and triple bond have?
un-saturated hydrocarbon
Hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood is a ?
protein
glucose is a?
simple carbohydrate
Calcium hydroxide is an acid or base?
base
atomic number is equal to the?
protons and electrons
the minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction is called?
activation energy
a value used to express acidity or alkalinity is called
pH
How does an atom develop a charge?
losing or gaining from the electron
Three properties of covalent bonds?
low solubility, low melting points, low boiling points
Why does hydrogen have one valence electron and Helium have 2 valance electrons?
because hydrogen’s atomic number is 1 and helium’s atomic number is 2
