Benchmark Review Flashcards
Colonial Chatacteristics
New England- Founded on religion, promoted public education, did not raise crops, use the Atlantic Ocean for Trade Middle- religious tolerance, diverse, promoted equality, slaves worked with people, farming and commerce, fur trade Southern- class division, no public education,settle for economic reasons,staple crop, and slaves out numbered whites
Representative gov’t
People elect their own official. House of Burgesses consisted of two houses one elected by the people and the other appointed by the royal governor
Limited (Magna Carta)
government based on the rule of law (government must obey a body of rule) 1st document that limited government
Self- Salutary Neglect
English government forgot about the colonists, so they governed themselves
Federalism
Two levels of government that share powers
Railroads
Railroad industry was the first to take off in the tears following the Civil War. Railroads made life out west possible by allowing farmers, ranchers, and other settlers access to eastern markets and resources. Cause by Manifest Destiny
Monroe Doctrine
Stated that the U.S wouldn’t tolerate European invention in the affairs if any independent nation in the Americans
Declaration of Independence
Was written by Thomas Jefferson. Strongly influenced by Locke. Jefferson asserted egalitarianism (idea that all man are created equal), Inalienable rights ( natural rights that government can not take away. The declaration of Independence was in June 1776
Taxation without Representation
was the saying that James Otis came up with. He protest to proclaiming the stamp act
Acts- purpose/ why (Navigation Act)
British colonies could only sell certain goods to England (limited trade) The few goods allowed to be sold to other countries were taxed. This act started all the acts
Articles of Confederation
the original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789.Central government was weak, supported by the anti-federalist, amendment # to pass 13/13, law # to pass 9/13, branch of government legislative
Battle of Yorktown
Cornwallis was trapped by Washington and the Continental Army.On October 19, 1781 Cornwallis surrendered to Washington. Won due to the help of the French navy
A progressive Reformer Vs Robber Barons
Robber Baron- a name that soon can to be identified with entrepreneurs in other industries as well Progressive Reformer opposed Robber Barons
Social Darwinism
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform
Reconstruction
An era which the government attempted to rebuild the south
Poll tax, Literacy test
Were things that Black people had to pass/ pay in order to vote
Jim Crow Laws
The systematic practice of discriminating against and segregating Black people
Solid South
End of Reconstruction led more to oppression to African Americans. They became democracts
Plessy Vs Ferguson
Case based on segregation “separate but equal”
Nativism= Immigration
Opposed immigrants after WWI led to new restriction on immigrants
Quotas
limitation on number of immigrants that could enter the US from different parts of the world
KKK
the fear of immigrants and mistrust. they origainlly targeted the blacks but soon expanded to Jews, Catholics, and immigrants
Red Scare
A fear that the US would become communist because Russia was
Japanese
They decided to bomb Pearl Harbor. During WWII Japanese people were force into internment camps
Chinese Exclusion Act
Illegal Chinese immigrants that came to the United States
American System- Henry Clay
It was a plan that designed to unite the nation and make it more economically independent. National banks
Abraham Lincoln (wants)
He was president during war and he wanted to free the slaves
54th Massachusetts
Encouraged free blacks to serve in the Union Army. Won a battle at fort Wagner
North- Popular souveignty
The will of the majority. The people in those areas would vote whether or not to allow slavery
South- states right
Relied on the 10th amendment. South leaders asserted states right leading up to the Civil War
Marbury Vs Madison
Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. Judicial review can over rule things that were unconstitutional
Spanish American War
Officially began as a result of what happened on February 15, 1898. A US battleship, the USS Maine, exploded while anchored in a Cuban harbor. The newspaper blamed Spain and the US citizens demanded war., U.S first world power
Yellow journalism
journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration.
Lusitania
submarine warfare. Lusitania was torpedoed by a German U-boat
Woodrow Wilson 14 points
was a goal to help establish peace and stability in Europe
League of nations
an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations; although suggested by Woodrow Wilson. Us did not join
Open door policy
Fearing that European imperial powers would try to gain control over Chiness exports and markets, The United States insisted on the Open Door Policy that would leave China open for US trade and commerce
consumerism
People who spend a lot of money on goods and services
US farmers 1920 overproduction
Cause the agriculture prices to drop
Cause of G.D stock market crash
Hopes of making high returns on their money. Lost everything others were financially ruined as broker and banks began to call in loans. Prices dropped drastically
Harlem renaissance
transformed African American identity and history. but it also transformed American culture in general. Never before had so many Americans read the thoughts of African Americans and embraced the American community’s productions, expressions, and style. (Art, music, and literature)
FDR- new deal
the economic policy of F. D. Roosevelt. It focused on American’s by offering relief (food and shelter),recovery (jobs),and reform (government controlling businesses). He wanted to end Lassiez faire
Liberal vs Conservative
Liberal noting or pertaining to a political party advocating measures of progressive political reform. Conservatives disposed to preserve existing conditions, institution or to restore traditional ones, and to limit changed
Dec 7, 1941
Japanese airplanes began the first wave of bombing on the Pacific fleet at the Pearl Harbor. “The day that will live infamy”
Big 3 names
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
Rosie the Riveter
Was a that described a woman who worked in the factory as a riveter while her boyfriend served in the marines.The Rosie the Riveter became a symbol of those women who entered the workforce to fill the gap left vacant bu men serving in the war.
