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Science > Benchmark 4 > Flashcards

Benchmark 4 Flashcards

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0
Q

Most penetrating type of radiation

A

Gamma

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1
Q

Negatively charged particles emitted from a nucleus at high-speed

A

Beta

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2
Q

The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to break apart

A

Half-life

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3
Q

The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses

A

Fusion

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4
Q

Adams of the same element with a different number of neutrons

A

Isotope

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5
Q

Most reactive group of metals

A

Alkali metals

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6
Q

Elements that form salts by combining with metals

A

Halogens

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7
Q

React to perform bases, found in minerals

A

Alkaline earth metals

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8
Q

Form of multiple charges, used to make pigments

A

Transition metals

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9
Q

What do dot diagrams represent

A

Valence electrons

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10
Q

What kind of chemical bond is formed when an equal exchange or transfer of electrons occurs

A

Ionic

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11
Q

Hold Adams together in a compound

A

Chemical bond

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12
Q

A group of covalently bonded atoms that act together as one charged atom

A

Polyatomic ion

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13
Q

A chemical bond that occurs when Adams share electrons

A

Covalent

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14
Q

What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction

A

Precipitate

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15
Q

When an element gains electrons

A

Reduction

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16
Q

When an element loses electron

A

Oxidation

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17
Q

The mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants

A

Law of conservation of mass

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18
Q

NaCl

A

Sodium chloride

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19
Q

H2O

A

dihydrogen monoxide

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20
Q

Silicon tetroxide

A

SiO4

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21
Q

The chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each element each side of the equation

A

Balanced

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22
Q

Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation

A

Reactant

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23
Q

The energy required to break the original bonds is less than the energy release the new bonds form

A

Exergonic reaction

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24
Q

If heat must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to take place

A

Endothermic

25
Q

Which of the following could represent a decomposition reaction

A

Compound equals element plus element

26
Q

In a chemical equation the symbol that means dissolved in water is

A

Aqueous

27
Q

When one element replaces another element in a compound

A

Single displacement

28
Q

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself

A

Catalyst

29
Q

The breaking down of a substance into two or more simpler substances

A

Decomposition

30
Q

Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation

A

Product

31
Q

Substances that prevent or slow down chemical reaction

A

Inhibitors

32
Q

A chemical reaction in which energy is released

A

Exothermic

33
Q

Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical equation

A

Coefficients

34
Q

According to the law of mass of conservation how does the mass of the products in a chemical reaction compared to the mass of the reactants

A

The masses are equal

35
Q

What is an insoluble compound that forms during a chemical reaction

A

Precipitate

36
Q

A chemical reaction in which two or more substances combined to form another substance

A

Synthesis

37
Q

The burning of wood in a campfire that produces heat and light would be both an example of blank and blank

A

Exergonic, exothermic

38
Q

When most chemical reactions take place some blank in the the reactants must be broken a process that requires energy

A

Chemical bonds

39
Q

Explain what is meant by a balanced chemical equation

A

A chemical equation when the number of atoms of each type and on each side of the equation are the same

40
Q
A

Synthesis

41
Q
A

Single displacement

42
Q
A

Decomposition

43
Q
A

Double displacement

44
Q

The splitting apart of a nucleus of a large Adam into two smaller atoms

A

Fission

45
Q

Stopped by a piece of paper, helium molecules that is the weakest form of radiation

A

Alpha

46
Q

Group 18, inert, do not form compounds

A

Noble gases

47
Q

Include oxygen and sulfur

A

Chalcogens

48
Q

Found on the stair step line, part metal, part nonmetal

A

Metalloid

49
Q

What does the chemical symbols represent for an element

A

Name

50
Q

This is an abbreviation used for chemicals in chemistry

A

Chemical symbol

51
Q

Number that precedes chemical formulas, used to balance equations

A

Coefficient

52
Q

H2o

A

Liquid

53
Q

Represent oxidation numbers or charges of ion

A

Superscripts

54
Q

O2

A

Gas

55
Q

The number of each type of Adam and In the compound as shown by these numbers

A

Subscripts

56
Q

Na

A

Solid

57
Q

When two elements or compounds combine to form one large compound

A

Synthesis

58
Q

When one element replaces another element in a compound

A

Single displacement

59
Q

When a compound splits apart into smaller compounds or elements

A

Decomposition

60
Q

When a carbon compound reacts with oxygen to form heat, carbon dioxide, and water

A

Combustion

61
Q

When two salts react, break apart, and recombine to make two new compounds

A

Double displacement

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