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World History 1 > Benchmark 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Benchmark 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Animism

A

the belief that spiritual beings or souls can exist without a body to house them or in plants, animals, and other objects

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2
Q

Assimilate

A

to absorb and incorporate (an ethnically distinct group) into the dominant culture of an area

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3
Q

Belief system

A

a set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a religion, philosophy, or moral code

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4
Q

Caste system

A

a social structure in which one’s class in society is determined by heredity

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5
Q

Centralized Government

A

a type of government in which decisions are made by one executive power

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6
Q

City

A

a large and significant town, usually a locally governed commercial and population center

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7
Q

City-State

A

a self-governing state made up of a city and its surrounding territory

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8
Q

Coercive

A

of or using coercion (power to persuade someone using threats or intimidation)

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9
Q

Convert

A

to change or influence change in someone else’s or one’s own faith or beliefs

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10
Q

Culture

A

the sum of the language, customs, beliefs, and art considered characteristic of a particular group of people

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11
Q

Cuneiform

A

of, concerning, or written in wedge-shaped characters, as were many languages of the ancient Near East, such as Sumerian and Babylonian

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12
Q

Diaspora

A

a scattering of any people with a common culture

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13
Q

Divisions of labor

A

the breakdown of labor into its components and their distribution among different persons, groups, or machines to increase productive efficiency

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14
Q

Doctrine

A

a belief or system of beliefs held and promoted by a religious, governmental, academic, or other group; dogma

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15
Q

Dynasty

A

a succession, lasting several generations, of rulers from the same family or group

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16
Q

Elite

A

those having the greatest authority or privilege or highest status

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17
Q

Empire

A

territory controlled by a central government, with one supreme ruler, who governs a diverse population

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18
Q

Enslaved

A

to cause to be a slave or to be in a condition of bondage

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19
Q

Government

A

the direction and control exercised politically over people living in a community, state, or nation

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20
Q

Inequality

A

the condition of being unequal, especially in natural talents or social or economic status

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21
Q

Infrastructure

A

the basic structures and facilities, such as roads and bridges, that are necessary for a system or state to function

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22
Q

Iron Age

A

the stage or level of development of human culture that followed the Bronze Age and that was characterized by the use
of iron tools and weapons, beginning about 1000 BCE

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23
Q

Irrigation System

A

the supplying of water to land by man-made means to aid in growing crops

24
Q

Kinship

A

the state or fact of being a relative or relatives, especially by birth

25
Q

Legal code

A

a code of laws adopted by a state or nation; “a code of laws”

26
Q

Matrilineal

A

pertaining to, derived from, or tracing descent through the mother’s family

27
Q

Merchant

A

one who buys goods and sells them for a profit

28
Q

Meritocracy

A

a system in which people attain power, influence, and wealth because of their intellectual abilities rather than because of their class status or family lineage

29
Q

Monotheism

A

the belief that there is only one supreme being

30
Q

Nomadic

A

pertaining to, being, or resembling a member of a group or tribe that has no permanent home and moves from place to place

31
Q

Oral Tradition

A

the stories, beliefs, etc., that a group of people share by telling stories and talking to each other

32
Q

Origin stories

A

a narrative about the beginning of the Universe or humanity

33
Q

Pantheon

A

all gods of a people, collectively; a temple dedicated to all of a people’s gods

34
Q

Patriarchal

A

relating to a social system in which a father rules, and descent and succession are traced through the father

35
Q

Periphery

A

the outer edge of an area; the less important part of a group or activity

36
Q

Persecute

A

to subject (especially those belonging to a different political, religious, or racial group) to persistent harassment, punishment, or ill-treatment

37
Q

Philosophy

A

the study of the nature and principles of knowledge, truth, existence, and moral and aesthetic values; any system of ideas and theories based on such study

38
Q

Pilgrimage

A

a long trip undertaken for religious purposes, such as to visit a holy place

39
Q

Polytheistic

A

the belief in more than one god

40
Q

Portable

A

capable of being carried or transported

41
Q

Prophet

A

• a teacher, leader, or spokesperson of a movement or cause, especially a religious one, who is believed to be the recipient of some special inspiration or revelation

42
Q

Ritual

A

an established and prescribed procedure for a ceremony, especially a religious one

43
Q

Sedentary

A

living in a fixed location; not migratory

44
Q

Silk Road

A

a name given to the ancient trade routes between China and southern Europe, through southern Asia

45
Q

Smelting

A

to melt or fuse (ores) as a means of separating and obtaining the metal content

46
Q

Social Order

A

the totality of structured human interrelationships in a society

47
Q

Social Stratification

A

the differentiation and categorization of people into social hierarchies

48
Q

Society

A

a community or group of people who live in the same country or area and are linked with each other by such things as laws and customs

49
Q

Specialist

A

a person who pursues a single interest or area of study

50
Q

Steppe

A

a broad, somewhat arid grass plain, especially the great plains in southeast Russia and southwest Asia

51
Q

Syncretism

A

• an attempted combination or reconciliation of different principles, beliefs, or practices, especially in religion or philosophy

52
Q

Taxes

A

a sum of money levied by government on income, property, or sales and used for its services and administration

53
Q

Trade

A

the act of buying and selling commodities, or all such acts collectively

54
Q

Trade network

A

a series of roads, waterways, railroads, and air routes that allow groups to trade goods with one another; a loose organization of societies that exchange goods with each other

55
Q

Urban

A

of or pertaining to a city or town

World History 1 (1 decks)

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