benchmark 1 Flashcards
to study + comprehend concepts of the chapters since the start of the semester.
what was the columbian exchange?
the introduction of new things to places that did not have them before.
what impact did the columbian exchange have on the world?
trade increased short term and long term.
where did portugal first explore, and what did they put there?
the west african coast, fortified trading posts
how did portugal make money through fortified trading posts?
charging ships, as well as generally from trade through these posts.
who were the first two sea powers?
spain and portugal.
what were the military campaigns in the lower part of spain, and what did they aim to achieve?
the reconquista. they aimed to “liberate” christian spain from the islamic religion.
what were the challenges to the ptolemaic view of the universe?
people began to realize the earth was not the center of the universe.
what did adam smith think about economics?
he believed the government should have a very limited, hands-off goal.
three main points of martin luther
the 95 theses
lutheranism
criticizing the catholic church
what was the peace of westphalia?
a document establishing that all european countries are sovereign and equal.
what was the result of the peace of westphalia? was it successful long-term.
peace. no.
what did the peace of westphalia put an end to?
the 30 years war.
what was the order of the three main communities spain encountered and conquered?
the taino, then the aztecs, then the incas
who encountered the taino initially?
christopher columbus
who encountered and conquered the aztecs?
cortez
